Western Roman Emperors 395 – 762
Note – the main series contains the historic emperors from 395 to 480. The historic path in-game will then lead the Empire to be annexed by Odoacer’s ‘Italy’. But if the player is able to survive this onslaught, there are alternative monarchs until 762, to represent the Praetorian Prefects of Italy and Exarchs of Ravenna. These will only be activated if the WRE survives, and even then it will be a vassal of the Eastern Empire.
If the Western Empire is dissolved in 480, the Eastern Empire should have the option, upon recapturing Rome, to either rule it from Constantinople (historic) or re-establish the Western Empire as a vassal state (ahistoric).
Format:
Name,
Full Name
Start Date,
End Date,
Military, Diplomatic, Administrative,
Callable,
Comment
Main Series (395 – 480)
Honorius
Flavius Honorius
17th January 395
15th August 423
2, 3, 3
Younger son of Theodosius I, aged 10 at succession. Controled by a series of regents and generals.
Stillicho (Honorius)
Flavius Sitlicho,
18th January 395,
22nd August 408
6, 5, 5,
Vandal general. Magister Militum and Father-in-law of Honorius. Executed by the Empeor in 408. Followed by Honorius alone.
Priscus Atallus
Priscus Attalus,
1st January 409,
22nd August 423,
3, 3, 4,
Callable: Yes
Usurper, supported by Alaric the Goth. Ahistorical deposition of Honorius possible via event.
Constantius (Honorius)
Flavius Constantius,
1st January? 411,
8th February 421,
5, 4, 4,
Replaced Stilicho as Magister Militum. Power behind the throne. Elevated to Co-Emperor.
Honorius & Constantius III,
8th February 421,
2nd September 421,
5, 5, 4,
Co-emperors in the West. Constantius married Honorius' sister, then died naturally in 422. Followed by Honorius alone.
Joannes
Ioannes
9th Feburary 421,
22nd October 425,
2, 3, 2, ,
Usurper after death of Honorius, opposed by the East. Deposed by armies of Valentinian.
Valentinian III,
Flavius Placidius Valentinianus,
23rd October 425,
16th March 455,
2, 3, 2,
Son of Constantius III, nominated by Theodosius II in the east, installed by military force.
Galia Placidia (Valentinian III)
24th October 425,
5th September 435,
2, 4, 3, ,
Sister of Honorius, mother of Valentinian. Surpassed as regent by Aetius.
Aetius (Valentinian III),
Flavius Aetius,
6th September 435,
21st September 454,
6, 4, 3,
Magister Militum, Patrician. Effective regent for Valentinian, murdered by the Emperor in 454. Followed by sole rule of Valentinian III.
Petronius Maximus
Flavius Anicius Petronius Maximus,
17th March 455
22nd April 455
2, 2, 5, , Patrician. Married Valentinian's widdow, never recognised by the East. Killed by the mob in Rome.
Leo I (Pope),
22nd April 455,
9th July 455, 2, 6, 3,
Pope. In effective control of Rome during its sack by the Vandals.
Avitus
Eparchius Avitus
9th July 455
17th October 456
3, 4, 3
Magister Militum, supported by Theodoric II, King of the Visigoths. Barely recognised by the East. Killed by Magister Militum Ricimer and Majorian.
Ricimer (Magister Militum),
18th October 456 ,
1st? April 457
6, 3, 3,
Germanic Magister Militum, the power behind the throne for successive emperors.
Majorian,
Flavius Iulius Valerius Maiorianus,
1st? April 457,
2nd August 461,
5, 2, 2, ,
Comes Domesticorum, seen as a usurper by the East. Abdicated, and then died 5 days later.
Ricimer (Magister Militum),
3rd August 461,
18th November 461,
4, 4, 3,
Interregnum between death of Majorian and appointment of Severus.
Ricimer (Libius Severus),
Libius Severus Serpentius,
19th November 461,
15th August 465, 4, 2, 2,
Senator, puppet of Ricimer. Not officially recognised by the East. Died naturally
Ricimer (Magister Militum),
16th August 465,
11th April 467,
5, 3, 3, ,
Interregnum between death of Severus and appointment of Anthemius, the first nominee of the East since Valentinian.
Anthemius,
Procopius Anthemius,
12th April 467,
11th July 472,
3, 4, 3,
Magister Militum.
Candidate of Eastern Emperor Leo. Installed by force. Rival to Ricimer, captured and killed by Ricimer.
Gaiseric (Olybius),
Anicius Olybrius
3rd August 461,
22nd October 472,
4, 2, 3,
Callable
King of the Vandals. Olybrius was originally the candidate of Gaiseric agter the death of Majoran. Can be imposed by event.
Ricimer (Olybrius)
Anicius Olybrius
12th July 472
9th August 472
4, 3, 3,
Roman Aristocrat. Supported first by Gesiric the Vandal, then Ricimer. Puppet of Ricimer and then Gundobad. Opposed by Leo I. Died of Dropsy.
Gundobad (Olybrius)
10th August 472,
22nd October 472
4, 3, 3,
Magister Militum, nephew of Ricimer. MM after Ricimer's death.
Gundobad (Magister Militum)
23rd October 472,
2nd March 473,
5, 3, 3,
Nephew of Ricimer, later King of the Burgundians. Interregnum following death of Olybrius.
Gundobad (Glycerius)
3rd March 473,
1st? June 474,
2, 2, 2,
Comes Domesticorum, puppet of Gundobad, opposed by Leo I. Deposed bloodlessly by Julius Nepos.
Julius Nepos,
1st? June 474,
28th August 475,
2, 3, 2,
Governor of Dalmatia, nephew of Leo I. Gained the throne via force of arms. Forced to flee to Dalmatia by Orestes' coup. Historically deposed 28th August 475. Emperor in Dalmatia until 480.
Orestes (Magister Militum)
Flavius Orestes
29th August 475
30th October 475
3, 2, 2,
Magister Militum for Nepos. Defeated by Odoacer.
Orestes (Romulus Augustulus),
31st October 475,
4th September 476,
2, 1, 1, ,
Son of Orestes. Opposed by the East. Deposed by Odoacer.
Odoacer (Patricus),
5th September 476,
5, 4, 4,
Callable
Forced Romulus Augustulus to Abidcate. Ruled as Patrician of Italy, paying lip service to Zeno in the East. Will be monarch briefly if Zeno agrees to his demands that the Western Empire be abolished, before WRE becomes Italia. Historical option is for WRE to grant independence to Italia, relocate capital to Dalmatia, with Nepos as Emperor.
Julius Nepos
5th September 476,
June 22nd 480
2, 3, 2
Emperor in Dalmatia only until invasion by Odoacer, murdered by his own soldiers. Historically Dalmatia is annexed by Odoacer. Ahistoric option below for continuation of Western Empire.
Stilicho Series (if Stilicho is not executed)
Eucherius ,
Flavius Eucherius
3rd February 411,
22nd October 425,
7, 4, 4,
Callable
Son of Stilicho. Appointed to the throne by Stilicho after the assassination of Honorius. Followed by Valentinian III.
Constantius III
Flavius Constantius
3rd February 411
8th February 421
6, 4, 4,
Callable
Historically co-emperor with Honorius in the West. Will be the Eastern candidate should Honorius die early; i.e. in opposition to Eucherius.
Joannes
9th February 421
22nd October 425
2, 3, 2,
Callable
Usurper. Ahistoric early reign if Honorius is deposed by Stilicho and Eucherius deposed by Constantius. Followed by Valentinian III.
Constantine III Series (if Constantine deposes Honorius)
Constantine III
Flavius Claudius Constantinus,
1st January 407,
1st March 437
6, 3, 3,
Callable
Usurper in Britain - this allows him the possibility of prevailing against Honorius and taking the Empire for himself. Age unknown.
Constans II
Flavius Claudius Constans
2nd March 437
16th March 455
4, 3, 3,
Callable
Son of Constantine III. Historically executed with his father. To be succeeded by Petronius Maximus if Western Emperor.
Continuation of the Empire in Dalmatia (if Odoacer doesn't depose Nepos)
Ovida
June 23rd 480
9th December 495
3, 2, 2,
General. Suceeded Julius Nepos in Dalmatia. Captured and executed by Odoacer in December 480.
Flavius Paulus
10th December 495
14th April 505
3, 4, 3
Brother of the Emperor Anasasius. Puppet of the East. Historically, Roman consul in 496.
Flavius Probus
15th April 505
4th September 517
3, 4, 4,
Nephew of the Emepror Anastasius. Historically Roman Consul in 502.
Justinian
6th September 518
1st August 527
7, 6, 8,
Nephew of the Emepror Justin. Historically, co-emperor in 526.
Vettius Agorius,
Vettius Agorius Basilius Mavortius,
2nd August 527
29th April 535,
3, 3, 4,
Sole Consul for 527. Puppet of the East. Depending on event choices, will be replaced by Justinian or Belisarius.
Reconquest of Italy (if ERE chooses to appoint seperate Emperors – ahistoric)
Belisarius
30th April 535,
21st November 565,
8, 3, 4,
Callable
Offered the title of Emperor of the West by the Ostrogoths, May 540. Led Justinian's invasion of Italy in 535; replaced in this role by Narses by 552. Died within weeks of Justinian. Eastern Empire will have the choice to approve the Ostrogoths’ offer, and allow Belisarius to be made ‘Emperor of the West’, (in which case he is followed, on his death, by Justin II) or re-establish the Praetorian Prefecture of Italy, (in which case, he is replaced by Athanasius).
Athanasius,
539
542
4, 3, 4,
Callable
Praetorian Prefect of Italy.
Maximinus,
542,
552,
4, 3, 3,
Callable
Praetorian Prefect of Italy for c.542, until expelled by Ostrogoths.
Narses,
552,
572,
6, 4, 6,
Callable
Justinian's Eunuch. Led the Invasion of Italy in 552. Historically died in 572. To be followed by Badaurius.
Reconquest of Italy (if ERE choses to have one Emperor for both parts - 'historic' choice)
Justinian I,
30th April 535,
14th November 565,
7, 8, 8,
Recaptured Rome and Ravenna briefly, but ruled from the East.
Justin II
15th November 565,
April 27th 568,
4, 5, 4,
Lombard invasion in 568 re-established the Kingdom of Italy, and began gradual expulsion of Byzantines from Italy.
Baduarius
28th April 568
11th May 579,
5, 4, 4,
Son-in-law of Justin II. Led an expedition to reconquer Italy from the Lombards, but failed.
Tiberius II Constantine,
12th May 579,
August 14th, 582,
5, 5, 3,
Eastern Emperor
Maurice,
15th August 582,
December 31st? 583,
6, 4, 5,
Able military commander and administrator. Founded the exarchates of Ravenna and Africa. Planned, in his will, to appoint his second son to the Western Empire, but was murdered with his children in 602.
Exarchate of Ravenna (exact dates uncertain)
Decius,
584,
585
3, 4, 3,
First Exarch of Ravenna
Smaragdus,
585,
589,
3, 2, 1,
Known for violence against the bishops in Italy. Deposed by Phocas, the Eastern Emperor. Some minor military succeses.
Romanus,
589,
598,
4, 2, 2,
Militarily successful versus the Lombards. Conflict with the Pope. Died in office.
Callinicus,
598,
603,
2, 4, 3
Made peace with the Lombards, but died in battle against them.
Smaragdus (2nd reign),
603,
611,
1, 2, 1,
Lost much of Northern Italy to the Lombards. Removed from office after the death of Phocas.
John I Lemigius,
611
615,
1, 3, 2,
Made peace with the Lombards, assasinated.
Eleutherius,
616,
619
3, 2, 2,
Recovered Naples, proclaimed himself Emperor, but was murdered and his head sent to Heraclius.
Isaac,
625
643
2, 2, 2,
Lost more of Italy to the Lombards, sacked Rome. Died in Battle vs. Lombards.
Theodore I Calliopas
643,
645,
3, 2, 3,
Not much known of his first reign. Replaced by Plato.
Plato,
645,
649, 2, 3, 2,
Opposed Pope Theodore II, and convinced the Byzantine Patriarch to Break with Rome.
Olympius,
649,
652,
2, 2, 2,
Ordered to arrest Pope Martin I. Failed and instead declared himself Emperor. Died in Sicily from disease.
Theodore I Calliopas (2nd reign),
653,
666,
4, 3, 3,
Arrested Martin I, sent him to Naxos. Died some time before 666, succeeded by Gregory
Gregory,
666,
678,
3, 2, 2,
Assisted Constans II in his invasion of Italy. Died in office.
Theodore II,
678,
687,
3, 3, 3,
Relatively unknown, a pious man.
John II Platinus,
687,
702,
2, 2, 3
Interfered in Papal politics, his authority undermined by a conflict with Justinian II.
Theophylactus
702,
710,
1, 2, 2
Alienated the citizens of both Rome and Ravenna, Ravenna sacked by Justinian II under his leadership
John III Rizocopo,
710,
711,
1, 1, 1,
Murdered by the mob in Ravenna; the beginning of the end for the exarchate.
Entichius,
711,
713,
3, 2, 2
Put down a rebellion led by Giorgius
Scholasticus
713,
726,
2, 3, 2
Helped to heal the rift between Constantinople and Rome
Paul
726,
727,
2, 1, 2,
Attempted to enforce Emperor Leo III's decree of iconoclasm.
Eutychius
728
2, 2, 3
Tried to assassinate Pope Gregory II, bribe the Lombards, but killed in battle vs Lombards. Last exarch, annexed by Lombards in 752. Might as well continue as last ‘Emperor’ until the end of the game.