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Please, gentlemen, there is no need for such.. behaviour. I'm sure Herr Densley spoke figuratively anyway.
That being said, our dear Germany is in a precarious position indeed. We need to stand united and never back down against the red menace, for if we give in once, she may never reemerge from the bog she is falling in. Chaos is unavoidable; we need to think of what comes after.
Gentlemen, I am certainly glad to see that we all survived the war.
I am at a loss. I do not desire radicalism of any kind. I never have; and yet - indeed - what is left of the middle ground in this polarized Germany?
I cannot say I regret the loss of the Kaiser, yet I fear that leaving the election of both parliament and the head of government to the angry masses might well trigger another surge of violence by the losing party..
I am at a loss. I do not desire radicalism of any kind. I never have; and yet - indeed - what is left of the middle ground in this polarized Germany?
I cannot say I regret the loss of the Kaiser, yet I fear that leaving the election of both parliament and the head of government to the angry masses might well trigger another surge of violence by the losing party..
It truly is sad for Germany, and I would've rather lost the Kaiser, than Germany to revolutionary swine. But only time can tell wether Germany will stand the test of time, we have made it before, we will make it now.
And well, if anything else, I've heard Canada is pretty beautiful this time around. Tres bien, non?
And well, if anything else, I've heard Canada is pretty beautiful this time around. Tres bien, non?
My finger painter sympathized with Ludendorff's military government, but I for one believe that these elections will determine the stability of the republic. Should the Socialists or reactionaries win this, the republic is dead, but should the liberals, centrists, or conservatives win, the republic will remain (hopefully).
I have great love for moderation, but what is the center of madness? We have lost our Kaiser and our lands. The loss of the colonies could be forgiven, but the loss of lands with true Germans? Unacceptable. We have thrown aside our Kaiser for what? A false sense of liberty despite enemies being on our doorstep. I Say this Any party that seeks to reclaim our lands of Königsberg, Elsass-Lothringen, and South Tyrol has my support in this election and I encourage support with any parties who seek this goal.
A black day for Germania. Well, we fought against near insurmountable odds and lost, little shame in this. Now, we must choose who pushes us forward on the long path to national revival. A shame about Willy D:
This disastrous, truly the darkest day in our young nation's history. Oh woe to us all, this crime against all decency... It must be the first priority of the first government of the republic to put things right, to demand retribution!
We must punish the Belgian and the Dane! The audacity of them; TO STEAL OUR FACTORIES! TO STEAL OUR PROFIT! I DEMAND JUSTICE! I DEMAND BLOOD!
We must punish the Belgian and the Dane! The audacity of them; TO STEAL OUR FACTORIES! TO STEAL OUR PROFIT! I DEMAND JUSTICE! I DEMAND BLOOD!
I feel that in the climate any reforms whatsoever would destabilize our nation even further. We should at the very least allow one election cycle go by without drastic reforms, to allow the political climate to die down. With that in mind I'm probably going to cast my vote for the Conservatives, but if there is another party that is more favorable, then they shall get my vote instead.
The Election of 1898
Two and a half years before Germany had appeared to be stable under the Imperial regime of Kaiser Wilhelm. Since then the monarchy had been abolished and the House Hohenzollern forced into exile in Switzerland, two military regimes had ruled over Germany proclaiming marshal law, former Centre Party leader had twice conceded power to the army, the colonial Empire and substantial parts of the metropolitan Empire had been lost, millions had died in the Great War and many thousands in the Civil War that followed whilst the German economy had collapsed. With the fate of the German nation still in the balance Germans prepared to go to the polls for the first time since the distant days of 1893 as the Republic sought legitimisation through election less than two months after coming into existence. These were strange times indeed.
In the final weeks leading up to the lection the German government signed the Treaty of Versailles – hoping to outmanoeuvre the critics of the treaty from both left and right.
Demokratische Volksfront (Democratic People’s Front)
- DVF / (SPD-FVP)
- DVF / (SPD-FVP)
Political Position: Left
Ideology: SPD – Social Democracy, FVP – Radical Christian Democracy / Christian Socialism
Democratic People’s Front?: With the two parties closely aligned the SPD and FVP chose to fight the 1898 election in close alliance under the Democratic People’s Front, all seats won by the front were to be divided equally between the two parties.
Party Leader:
SPD – Viktor Adler
Painfully considering present circumstances, Adler was born in Prague to Jewish parents. A founding member of the Social Democratic Workers Party in Austria he served as its first chairman before the party was fused with the German party upon unification. With the SPD going through a crisis during the war years Adler rose rapidly through the ranks but it was not until the period of Revolution that he rose to the very forefront of Social Democratic politics as he established a firm partnership with the FVP and fought against both reaction and radicalism to forge a democratic path for the SPD.
FVP – Adam Stegerwald
Stegerwald was by far the youngest party leader standing in Republic’s first elections. Not yet 30 he rose rapidly through the ranks of the young party – being one of the first Populists to come out against the war, granting him immense prestige, and organising the defence of working class communities from first French troops and later Ludendorff’s Freikorps during the Revolution. Following the death of a number of more senior figures Stegerwald was promoted to the position of party leader in April 1898 and was amongst the most enthusiastic figures in the organisation of the May Day strikes that finally brought down the military government, paving the way for the present elections.
Description:
The SPD and FVP had grown close during the struggle against dictatorial and murderous counterrevolution at the end of the Great War. With the USPD alienated by the SPD rightward drift this only ensured that less stood between SPD-FVP cooperation. The formation of the DVF for the 1898 election ensured a single united voice in favour of a democratic Republic and significant, although non-revolutionary social reform.
Constitution:
The parties of the Democratic People’s Front support the recently drafted ‘Weimar Constitution’ proposed by the present German government:
‘’The Reichstag is to be the supreme legislative body in Germany and sole chamber, the deputies of the Reichstag are to be elected via proportional representation. There are to be 501 seats, 480 shall be elected by the German majority, 25 by the Poles, 3 by the Slovenes, 1 by the French of Luxembourg, 1 by the Danes of Schleswig and 1 by the Czechs of Silesia and Austria.
The Reichstag must be re-elected every six years, but may be dissolved at any time should the government lose a vote of confidence.
All aristocratic ranks and privileges are to be abolished – those aristocrats who choose to emigrate shall see their property nationalised.
Germany is to be reorganised into a series of states – each with a local elected government. These shall be based on the existing states of Germany, but shall be rationalised.
Universal suffrage in all elections is mandated. Any interference with the electoral process is considered illegal.
The Reichstag shall elect a President every seven years – an absolute majority is required to elect a President, successive rounds of voting shall occur until a consensus candidate can be established.
Freedom of assembly, of speech, of organisation and of religion is all guaranteed. Proscription of any political organisation shall be totally illegal.
All attempts to create alternative organs of government in opposition to the democratically elected Reichstag must be openly opposed. This involved the immediate dissolving of the Räte, these organs of Revolutionary organisation are no longer required now that democratic government has been restored.‘’
Foreign Policy:
Germany must accept the bitterest pills and not dispute the Treaty of Versailles. Should we attempt to repeal our signature the French, Italians and British shall immediately invade and impose a regime of their own in Berlin. After the horrors of the past years Germany can bear no more.
Beyond this Germany must act to restore her position in the world and re-enter the community of nations. The fluid situation present by this wave of revolutions has the potential to bring either freedom or ruin to the peoples of Europe. Dictatorial regimes such as those of Belgium and Denmark should therefore be opposed whilst the democratic and social Republican governments of Poland and the Netherlands must be wholeheartedly supported in their endeavours.
Economic and Social Policy:
All sectors of German society must be willing to accept sacrifices in these times of hardship; however those most able to pay will have to bear the greatest burden. As our people starve those with food on their plates can contribute more – a progressive tax regime shall therefore be implemented. Although the Front would rather keep tariffs as low as possible, all options to enhance state revenues in order to support the projects of rebuilding, new social reforms and tackling the dire legacy of debt bequeathed to the German people by the Kaiser.
The focus of the government must be the reconstruction of Germany! With millions still unemployed the government must invest all it can in industrial construction and the rebuilding of infrastructure. New housing for those left homeless, jobs for those without work, food for those who starve – these are the priorities of the Democratic People’s Front!
Germany must maintain all existing social reforms and enhance them where possible!
The Democratic People’s Front shall guarantee a minimum of two social reforms if elected
German National People’s Party (Deutschnationale Volkspartei)
- DNVP
- DNVP
Political Position: Hard Right
Ideology: Reaction / Monarchism
Party Leader: Arthur von Posadowsky-Wehner
A Prussian aristocrat of Silesian origin and impressive lineage with Ministerial experience before, during and after the war as well as being a former Prime Minister of Prussia Posadowsky-Wehner was symbolic of everything the DNVP represented – the traditional Prussian elite and old regime of the German Empire. A supporter of the Ludendorff junta Posadowsky-Wehner unites the anti-revolutionaries of Germany in their opposition to the ‘traitor-Republic’.
Description:
Although both the DNVP and FVP (as well as the DVF) contained the word ‘Volk’ their connotations were very different indeed. For the Populists it represented their ‘Popular’ nature and connection with the masses whilst for the Monarchists it stood for the ethnic German nation and this alone. Although containing within its ranks former Progressive Liberals, virtually all National Liberals, Conservatives and right-wing Centrists the dominant force within the hierarchy was the most reactionary element that sought to, ultimately, not merely turn the clock back to 1896 – but to 1789.
Constitution:
German society is a sick beast. The Defeat of 1897 and the anarchistic violence that followed were no mere product of recent misfortunes but the result of decades of poisonous corruption of our society. Socialism, Rampant Liberal Individualism, Judaism, Free Masonry, Windthorstian Catholic Centrism – for decades these tendencies have implanted their roots deep into the German nation, leaving her decadent and weak. In the years leading up to the War the fall of Germany into the hands of her internal enemies left her lax and unprepared – smugly satisfied in her position Germany failed to prepare militarily for battle yet continued to assume her strength made diplomacy unnecessary. These criminals laid the ground for German defeat, yet even they are not wholly responsible.
Whilst the soldiery at the front battled to save Germany from the untold hordes of the enemy Jewish commanded Socialists Revolutionaries stabbed the army in the back – it is they that inspired division in the ranks, it is they that encouraged desertion that robbed the army of much needed men at the front, it is they that resumed strike action – crippling the war effort, it is they who have since attempted to rip German society apart, it is they whose rebellions threatened to bring Germany to an end as a single nation. These outrages can stand no longer!
Germany must have a regime which shall allow her to recover, to end social conflict and prepare herself to reassume her rightful mantel at the head of all Europe.
The monarchy must be restored immediately, our deposed Kaiser shall be invited to return to retake his throne, should he refuse the invitation shall be extended to his Crown Prince. All Socialist, Republican and Revolutionary political groups must be banned and eliminated in their entirety. The Reichstag shall be reduced to the role of an advisory body – guiding rather than directed German government. The Upper House shall be restored, repopulated with notables and the best citizens of the Empire and endorsed with political power once more. The aristocracy must be restored in its entirety – all lost properties, titles and lands returned to their rightful owners. In the short term political freedoms will have to be subscribed until Anti-German elements can be weeded out from society, however in the future labour unions shall never be legalised again whilst certain censorship laws ensuring that Germany cannot once again slip towards degeneracy must be kept in place.
Germany needs Order, in these dark times that can only be garnered by force of arms and will. The Germany Empire shall rise again; the German Empire shall be great once more! Long Live Germany! Long Live the German Nation!
Foreign Policy:
Germany must repudiate the Treaty of Versailles immediately. The continued occupation of large tracts of German land is simply intolerable. We must seek a renegotiation of the terms of the treaty, the Allies will not risk the threat of a resumption of war – let us push them as far as they will go and gain the best terms for Germany. Our current government of cowards and traitors has rolled over and allowed our enemies to tickle our belly – we will not accept this humiliation.
Beyond this Germany’s foreign policy shall be focussed towards two ends – to protect the vast German populations living outside the Reich, aiming to restore them to the Empire, and to ensure that Germany is never again left so isolated that she again finds herself surrounded by powerful enemies.
Economic Policy and Social Reform:
Germany is faced with a myriad of problems; all of them can be remedied through fortitude and good management. The rebuilding of industry and the avoidance of bankruptcy must be our dual focus. So long as millions remain unemployed, living conditions remain intolerable and famine afflicts our nation the vagaries of Socialism shall continue to tempt otherwise loyal Germans into its insidious grip. The state must use all available means to rebuild the nation and its economy, whilst preventing a default – this will require many months, perhaps even years, of hardship – but Germany shall rise once again, this much is certain.
Socially the present social security network shall be maintained, in these harsh times the poor require the assistance of the state more than ever – to abandon them would only lead them towards their false leaders and to those Jewish ideas naturally foreign to German workers.
Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands)
- USPD
- USPD
Political Position: Far Left
Ideology: Socialism
Party Leader: Hugo Haase
Of East Prussian Jewish extraction, Haase grew to prominence in the 1890s as he came to lead the East Prussian section of the SPD. A vocal opponent of the war from the start he risked arrest by not only being amongst a tiny handful of Reichstag deputies to vote against the ceding of power to the military government during the war but organising anti-war groups throughout the conflict. Gaining immense prestige through this pacifist stance, his impressive organisational skills made him an obvious candidate to lead the Independent Social Democratic Party. Although widely popular Haase represents a rather more moderate faction that the mainstream of the party, always distrustful of the party’s militant leftist core.
Description:
The USPD emerged out of those members of the SPD, and to a lesser extent the FVP, who turned against the German government during the war and demanded immediate peace. Although many of those who joined the party were already the most politically radical the experiences of the last months and weeks of the war and subsequent Civil strife that followed acted to radicalise the party and its membership. Even with the expulsion of ultra-leftist putschists the USPD remains committed to Revolutionary change, even if it stuck unswervingly loyal to the ballot box.
Constitution:
The USPD accepts the Weimar Constitution with the following amendments:
The Räte are not a challenge to German democracy but its ultimate expression! The Räte shall become a permanent facet of the German state acting as organs of local governance – likewise these organs of worker, peasant, soldier and sailor democracy shall be required to send delegates to a Grand House of People’s Councils which shall act as the Upper House of the Reichstag – providing the labouring classes with a permanent veto in government.
The President shall be jointly elected by agreement between both the Upper and Lower Houses of the Reichstag every five years.
The Lower House of the Reichstag is to be elected every four years.
As the deputies of the Lower House are not tied to specific constituencies, unlike the Upper House, these deputies cannot be recallable, however Räte retain their right to recall their representatives at any time.
Foreign Policy:
Germany will not immediately revoke her signature to the Treaty of Versailles – but neither shall she accept the demands for reparations without a renegotiation at the very least. Although the USPD seeks better terms she shall not recourse to war to achieve them.
Germany must ensure her solidarity with all revolutionary peoples and workers’ government. Solidarity between Germany and the new Republics in Belgium, the Netherlands, Denmark and even Poland will allow for our Republic to become an incubator of democracy and working class emancipation across the continent. Let Germany be transformed from the oppressor of Europe to her saviour.
Economic and Social Policy:
In the immediate term the USPD calls for state support for the reconstruction of the German economy and indeed the German nation through all available means – this is an invaluable opportunity to let the rich pay for the war that they have brought down upon society. Let the privileged provide the funds for the reconstruction of our new born Republic!
The USPD calls for the beginning of the socialist reconstruction of society. All emigrants shall have their property nationalised with immediate effect, all aristocratic property is to be nationalised with immediate effect. All banks shall be nationalised. The state shall attempt to negotiate the nationalisation of other industries in Germany – providing adequate compensation to the previous owners where possible in order to ensure a smooth transition. A new world is struggling to be born her in Germany, let us encourage its growth rather than attempt to crush it roughshod.
German Democratic Party (Deutsche Demokratische Partei)
- DDP
- DDP
Political Position: Centre-Left
Ideology: Progressive Liberalism / Social Liberalism
Part Leader: Eugen Richter
Being the only former Chancellor to be among the party leaders going into the new elections, Richter’s presence provides a clear link between the Kaissereich and the new regime. Representative of the Democratic Party’s Progressive right wing, Richter found the inclusion of Socialists and other Revolutionaries in the government a necessary evil in the atmosphere of 1898 but was hopeful that a democratic Republican regime might be possible without such figures in the near future.
Description:
The DDP is divided between two relatively clear factions. The left Social Liberal wing favoured limited social reforms and favoured alliance with the democrats to the left, the right Progressive wing of Richter remained firmly committed to laissez faire politics – regarding social reforms as part of the problem rather than the solution – and favoured alliance with democratic groups to the right of the party. The new face of German Liberalism had high hopes of becoming the guiding light of the new Republic.
Constitution:
The German Democratic Party supportes the Weimar Constitution.
‘’The Reichstag is to be the supreme legislative body in Germany and sole chamber, the deputies of the Reichstag are to be elected via proportional representation. There are to be 501 seats, 480 shall be elected by the German majority, 25 by the Poles, 3 by the Slovenes, 1 by the French of Luxembourg, 1 by the Danes of Schleswig and 1 by the Czechs of Silesia and Austria.
The Reichstag must be re-elected every six years, but may be dissolved at any time should the government lose a vote of confidence.
All aristocratic ranks and privileges are to be abolished – those aristocrats who choose to emigrate shall see their property nationalised.
Germany is to be reorganised into a series of states – each with a local elected government. These shall be based on the existing states of Germany, but shall be rationalised.
Universal suffrage in all elections is mandated. Any interference with the electoral process is considered illegal.
The Reichstag shall elect a President every seven years – an absolute majority is required to elect a President, successive rounds of voting shall occur until a consensus candidate can be established.
Freedom of assembly, of speech, of organisation and of religion is all guaranteed. Proscription of any political organisation shall be totally illegal.
All attempts to create alternative organs of government in opposition to the democratically elected Reichstag must be openly opposed. This involved the immediate dissolving of the Räte, these organs of Revolutionary organisation are no longer required now that democratic government has been restored.‘’
Foreign Policy:
Germany has no choice but to accept the Treaty of Versailles. The reintegration of our new Republic into the diplomatic system of Europe will take time but shall reap great rewards. Germany’s future shall be won in which wars such as that we have witnessed shall never be suffered again. However Germany is also in a strong position to play a role in the wave of revolutions sweeping across the continent. Democratic forces shall be supported across the continent in opposition to social revolutionaries in the mould of the Belgians or the Danes and reactionary monoliths aping our own Ludendorff.
Economic and Social Policy:
The reconstruction of Germany cannot be achieved by the German state; it requires the concerted effort of the entire German people. The Democratic Party therefore supports the restoration of economic freedom in this country that shall provoke the economic revival and modernisation that we all seek. The destruction of the past years shall pave the way for a reconstruction of the German economy on modern lines.
In order to achieve this we must maintain a total opposition to any and all tariffs, tax cuts to investors, guarantees of all private property and the offering of the promise of a rollback of constricting social reforms.
The secret to our economic revival will be to satisfy the German people of the security of their property – this means the disabling of the Revolutionary movement at all costs.
The DDP shall seek the repeal of at least two social reforms.
German Centre Party (Deutsche Zentrumspartei)
- DZP or Centre/Centre Party
- DZP or Centre/Centre Party
Political Position: Centre
Ideology: Christian Democracy / Political Catholicism
Party Leader: Konstantin Fehrenbach
Hailing from Baden, Fehrenbach first entered the Reichstag in the early 1870s – by the end of the decade rising to become a major figure within the Southern Centre Party. After being a cabinet minister in the last civilian government before the outbreak of the Great War Fehrenbach benefited from the struggles of the Centre Party during the intervening years as numerous rivals were discredited, killed, retired from politics or defected from the party. This cleared the path for Fehrenbach to rise to the top and imprint a clear democratic, Republican and non-revolutionary ideology on the party.
Description:
Since its electoral victory in 1893 the Centre Party had endured the worst period in its existence since the end of the Kulturkampf. The defection of the Populists, the outbreak of the Great War under a government led by the party, the horrors of the war itself, the overthrow of the brief Hertling government of June 1897, intransigence over the subsequent military government and finally rather reluctant involvement in the country’s first Republican government. Although it managed to avoid the fate of all other non-revolutionary pre-war parties in preventing its own liquidation the Centre had haemorrhaged members, for many long months appearing on the brink of collapse. However, its stabilisation around a far more conservative ideology than the Windthorstian era and its promise of social peace through a rejection of class warfare, authoritarianism and sociopathically liberal economics made it an attractive centre for many.
Constitution:
The Centre Party supports the Weimar Constitution without reservation.
‘’The Reichstag is to be the supreme legislative body in Germany and sole chamber, the deputies of the Reichstag are to be elected via proportional representation. There are to be 501 seats, 480 shall be elected by the German majority, 25 by the Poles, 3 by the Slovenes, 1 by the French of Luxembourg, 1 by the Danes of Schleswig and 1 by the Czechs of Silesia and Austria.
The Reichstag must be re-elected every six years, but may be dissolved at any time should the government lose a vote of confidence.
All aristocratic ranks and privileges are to be abolished – those aristocrats who choose to emigrate shall see their property nationalised.
Germany is to be reorganised into a series of states – each with a local elected government. These shall be based on the existing states of Germany, but shall be rationalised.
Universal suffrage in all elections is mandated. Any interference with the electoral process is considered illegal.
The Reichstag shall elect a President every seven years – an absolute majority is required to elect a President, successive rounds of voting shall occur until a consensus candidate can be established.
Freedom of assembly, of speech, of organisation and of religion is all guaranteed. Proscription of any political organisation shall be totally illegal.
All attempts to create alternative organs of government in opposition to the democratically elected Reichstag must be openly opposed. This involved the immediate dissolving of the Räte, these organs of Revolutionary organisation are no longer required now that democratic government has been restored.‘’
Foreign Policy:
German has no choice but to accept the Treaty of Versailles. The harsh lessons of the past years must be learnt, Germany cannot afford to ever again be so isolated diplomatically. Rapprochement with the Allied governments must be pursued as soon as possible and anti-war initiatives on the part of any foreign party supported wholeheartedly.
Beyond our borders the sad spectre of civil war threatens the entire continent – Germany must offer mediating assistance wherever possible so that the instability caused by these revolutionary ruptures might pass by quickly and without the emergence of more Belgiums and Denmarks. As for the atheistic Communists who now rule in Brussels and Copenhagen, not to mention their only marginally less insidious compatriots in Amsterdam, they must be opposed. Any internal attempt to struggle against these regimes shall receive the support of the German people!
Economic and Social Policy:
Economically Germany must be focussed on the project of rebuilding – the state offering all the support it can for reconstruction. All social groups must struggle together equally in response to this crisis – a flat tax ensuring that all groups share the burden. Should the state require the funds the limited use of tariffs may be necessary to fund the recovery of the German nation from these dark times. Yet the future of the German economy continues to lie in a capitalist, not socialistic framework – this must be made clear to all asunder.
Socially the Centre Party commits itself to protect existing social reforms at all costs. Although the party will not actively seek expansions to the programmes at this time, due to the financial situation, it shall not oppose them.
All reader must either vote for:
DVF / (SPD-FVP)
DNVP
USPD
DDP
DZP
! You may write the full name, shortened name or the German name of any party, so long as it is clear to me who you are voting for!
Please place your vote in a separate post or bold it within your post so it is easier for me to keep a tally.
Once again, spamming is not tolerated, you may not campaign outside this thread and I ask that you remain civil with each other.
Voting will close on Sunday at 10 AM, I will post in this thread to officially close the polls and return with the results shortly later.
DNVP
It was either that or FVP which tempted me alot, but as to continue my far-right allegiance to this AAR, they seemed like the correct choice.
Deutschland über alles!
Seems I'll have to get back to the old drawing board, a poster wont make itself, y'know?
It was either that or FVP which tempted me alot, but as to continue my far-right allegiance to this AAR, they seemed like the correct choice.
Deutschland über alles!
Seems I'll have to get back to the old drawing board, a poster wont make itself, y'know?
For the first time since the rise of the Zentrumspartei do I require some time to think about my vote..
The Centre appeals to me, as it has always done, but I do not like the Catholic militance it proposes in foreign revolutionary struggles. No, I do not like that at all; we have always abhorred from violence.
Yet the alternatives.. The Liberals are fools to think the economy can be restored without state support, and to think that the people will accept regressive taxation at this stage.
The Reactionaries would return the stability of the monarchy to Germany, but would destroy democracy and mutual tolerance in the process, bringing us on the brink of another civil war.
The Democratic (Christian) Socialists are the least worst alternative, but I fear they would antagonize the right.
The last party is better left unmentioned.
Difficult..
The Centre appeals to me, as it has always done, but I do not like the Catholic militance it proposes in foreign revolutionary struggles. No, I do not like that at all; we have always abhorred from violence.
Yet the alternatives.. The Liberals are fools to think the economy can be restored without state support, and to think that the people will accept regressive taxation at this stage.
The Reactionaries would return the stability of the monarchy to Germany, but would destroy democracy and mutual tolerance in the process, bringing us on the brink of another civil war.
The Democratic (Christian) Socialists are the least worst alternative, but I fear they would antagonize the right.
The last party is better left unmentioned.
Difficult..
It is the choice between capitalists, liberals, christians, monarchists or communists. Choose wisely.
