A constitutional amendment, passed by a two-thirds majority in each house of Congress and ratified by three-fourths of the states, is
by definition not a violation of the Constitution
Did the Supreme Court decision have any bearing on the constitutional amendment?
"We think ... that they [black people] are not included, and were not intended to be included, under the word "citizens" in the Constitution, and can therefore claim none of the rights and privileges which that instrument provides for and secures to citizens of the United States. On the contrary, they were at that time [of America's founding] considered as a subordinate and inferior class of beings who had been subjugated by the dominant race, and, whether emancipated or not, yet remained subject to their authority, and had no rights or privileges but such as those who held the power and the Government might choose to grant them." —
Dred Scott, 60 U.S. at 404–05
"Now, ... the right of property in a slave is distinctly and expressly affirmed in the Constitution. ... Upon these considerations, it is the opinion of the court that the act of Congress which prohibited a citizen from holding and owning property of this kind in the territory of the United States north of the [36°N 36' latitude] line therein mentioned is not warranted by the Constitution, and is therefore void...." —
Dred Scott, 60 U.S. at 451–52.