They have already done changes to minimise the effects of cascading alliances. The war leader can only change during the beginning of the war, for example. The reason for the huge Quill-wars would be that the AI is simply too dumb to reject an offer to join a war, even if they have been smacked around multiple times recently and have no manpower. *CoughFranceCough*
I hope the newer versions of EU4 will solve AI problems like that.
Yeah, calls to arms logic and lots of other things have changed since that version.