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Re the teaser: Normalized relations with Japan are certainly no bad thing. I think, though, that realistically, reaching such an agreement by 1955 might be a bit too soon for any real rapprochement between the two; it's been less than a decade since the war ended, and there's still plenty of bad blood and high emotions to go around on both sides.

One possible thing working in its favor, though, would be having the United States serving as a third-party mediator between the two, especially if they can get Douglas MacArthur to serve as the mediator in person. He is perhaps the one figure that both sides can actually respect and consider relatively impartial, and in a world where his "push to the Yalu" stance ultimately paid off, his popularity and credibility on the world stage generally are going to be through the roof.
Oh, don't see it totally as a normalization of the relations between Korea and Japan, the agreement is widely seen as a step towards trying to normalize relations.
I kinda mixed the Japanese efforts regarding the repatriation of Koreans along the agreement they had with North Korea by 1959, anyways, I'll expand upon that when we get to that chapter.
:p
 
Hi, just wanted to say that I'm working on the next update.
I got sick a fair amount of time, but I'm feeling better these days so you can totally expect to have an update soon.
:p

I've been researching a bit too and well, while the next chapters won't detail huge changes for some countries I'll probably add some small hints regarding the future.
^^
 
No worries
 
Chapter V: The Red Cyclone. (Part I)
Chapter V: The Red Cyclone. (Part I)
“It may take three years, it may take five, it may take ten, but that will be the war of Indo-china.” - Ho Chi Minh, former president of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
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Democratic Republican Party HQ, Seoul, Republic of Korea. ~ June 18th, 1954.

The Democratic Republican Party HQ had turn into the perfect place for unofficial meetings between the American advisors and Park Chung-hee along his supporters. The Eisenhower administration was still impressed by Park's actions regarding the information he obtained about Operation Snowfall, that achievement earned him more trust from the American government, way more than the one Cho Bong-am had.

"With Operation Cyclone going on, we believe that the communists may be planning to launch an attack against Korea," Said the american advisor. "After all, it would go along Operation Snowfall, however, president Cho refuses to order a general mobilization and that endangers the whole peninsula."

"Our armed forces aren't strong enough yet, most of our equipment is aid your country sent us," Park Chung-hee believed that while economic development was important, it shouldn't be the main priority with so much going on around Asia. "However, I believe that at least in a defensive war we would do a great job. Before leaving I ordered the fortification of our border with China, they'll have to spend a lot of men to cross the Yalu."

"And you are right about that, but those kind of decisions may easily be overwritten by the current president. We have reasons to believe he is planning to pull off a Tito," That was another advisor, he was from the Central Intelligence Agency.

After listening to the CIA operative, Park Chung-hee got the full grasp of their words.

"You are planning a coup, am I right?"

-----------------------------------------------
Blood-stained Indochina. - Min Ji-hyo.

Korea AAR 01.jpg

On June 15th, 1954, Operation Cyclone began. It consisted on a full-scale invasion of Cambodia and Laos by joint forces from Vietnam, the Soviet Union and small guerrilla groups present in both countries.
Operation Cyclone was the beginning of the bloodiest conflict that raged Indochina for years, back then it was seen as the most impressive Soviet operation to be carried out. However, information revealed in 2012 revealed that Park Chung-hee along some important figures in the ROK Army knew about the Soviet operation and they chose to ignore it by not warning the United States about it.

After Stalin's failure at Korea and Germany, the new Troika leading the Soviet Union was decided to gain a success abroad. The best opportunity was Indochina, after all, the Vietnamese forces had been able to unify the country in 1950 (against huge odds) and it wasn't a region under the American shield, at least not officially. Vietnamese leader, Ho Chi Minh thought that the only way to free their neighbour countries was by overthrowing their "puppet" governments and establishing a free and united Indochina.

The war came as a huge surprise to everyone, the United States didn't have strong links or guarantees towards Cambodia or Laos but the government soon divided itself. Some advocated for a full intervention at both countries to stop the Vietnamese invasion, but others wanted to stay away from the conflict, insisting that Cambodia and Laos weren't close allies of the United States. Eventually, president Eisenhower chose to stay away from those two, instead he sent support for Thailand after the country formally asked assistance.

Korea AAR 02.jpg

Eisenhower chose to remain away from the conflict, however, the war strengthened the Domino Theory after proving that a Communist state would do everything to export their ideology.
Thailand received military assitance from the United States, weapons, officers, advisors, everything needed to prevent an invasion from Vietnam. President Eisenhower was heavily criticized from both sides, Democrats and Republicans, but it was a highly divisive issue. Eventually, the United States stayed out of the war while it prepared Thailand for a possible conflict against Vietnam.
The United Nations Security Council tried to pass a resolution but it was eventually vetoed by the Soviet representative.

But the United States of America weren't the only country totally surprised by the sudden attack against Cambodia and Laos, the People's Republic of China was bemused by the actions of their "allies". Files declassified fifty years after the collapse of the People's Republic of China revealed that Mao and the Soviet Troika didn't get along as everyone thought. There were key issues in that relationship and also between China and Vietnam.

Zhou Enlai noticed that Vietnam leant heavily towards the USSR and that fact alone caused huge concern to Mao, he suddenly saw that a stronger Vietnam already leaning towards the Soviet Union, would eventually encircle the People's Republic of China. Soon distrust began to increase in the Sino-Soviet relationship. They were still allies, but China knew that could change easily.

Korea AAR 03.jpg

Soviet Tank (T34) with Vietnamese Soldiers over it, riding towards battle against Cambodia.
The United States and China weren't the only countries impressed by the sudden invasion of Vietnam. Japan, Korea, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom, and Portugal were afraid of a wider conflict taking place in the region.
Each country had a special reason to fear;
° Japan was afraid of a possible revenge by China.
° Portugal and the United Kingdom had Macau and Hong Kong to worry about.
° Korea thought that Operation Snowfall was going to take place during or after the war in Indochina.
° The Republic of China was afraid of a communist attempt to land on Taiwan.

United States quickly mobilized the US Seventh Fleet (based in Japan) towards the Taiwan Strait while a small task force was deployed towards the Yellow Sea, it was a clear attempt to dissuade China from attacking.


Korea AAR 04.jpg

On June 19th ,1954, the Battle of Vientiane started. 85,000 Vietnamese troops with Soviet and Pathet Lao support launched themselves against 36,000 Laotian soldiers defending the capital.
The Battle for Laos would be decided with the Battle of Vientiane, however, it took two attempts to completely take the city. The First Battle of Vientiane ended up with 3,200 casualties for Vietnam and almost 8,200 for Laos. The army mobilized almost everyone reliable to defend the capital against the Vietnamese-Soviet tide, however, by June 29th, almost the whole city had been taken by the communist forces.

By July 1st, the Second Battle of Vientiane began, however, Laotian morale had been crushed once the communists took the capital. Eventually, the Laotian Army suffered 9,000 casualties while Vietnam/Soviet/Pathet Lao forces barely suffered 800. It was evident for everyone in the country, there was no way to avoid annexation, something evident as Ho Chi Minh gave a speech at Hanoi proclaming the birth of the Socialist Republic of Indochina.

-----------------------------------------------

Well, here it is!
Apologies for taking so long to update. :(
Being sick and then having the holidays kinda distracted me (I also recently paid a RS membership so...yeah...my attention is jumping from one place to another)

Thanks for your kind words!
I hope you all enjoy the update. ^^

Aaaand...a bit late, but anyways; I hope you all had a Merry Christmas.
 
Glad to see you back in action :)

Things certainly seem to be heating up in Southeast Asia, for both sides. Direct American intervention will make things messy, especially given that the Soviets are already in play (if "unofficially") as well...
 
Ah the good old Domino theory. Much maligned, in part I think for having the audacity of being somewhat accurate ;)
 
I'm always late buuuut, I wish to every reader over here a Happy New Year!
:)
 
Soon I'll start working on the next update, apologies, I'm taking Japanese classes so...yeah, my time is a bit limited at the moment.

But do not worry, I've been researching and getting newer ideas for this AAR.
Specially regarding the future of Asia.
:p
 
Interlude: The Hanahoe.
The Hanahoe. - Hatanaka Mina.

Chung Il-Kwon.jpg

General Chung Il-kwon, leader of the Hanahoe, known in English as the "Group of One". (Picture taken during Second World War)
In the years before the Second World War, Japan went through an impressive amount of political instability. The armed forces organized themselves into organizations with different objectives and ways to achieve those goals, the most famous ones are the Sakurakai also known as The Cherry Blossom Society and the military factions known as Kodoha and Toseiha.

Those groups were led by people claiming to know which way was the best for Japan, nowadays we can safely say they were wrong. They brought destruction and defeat to our country, devastation and death. However, there are important lessons to be learnt from that bitter chapter of our history, not only Japan has to learn from that experience but also Korea.

Another author expressed his point of view, saying that Japanese influence wasn't strong enough to actually determine Korea's development. But I believe he is wrong, Japan held Korea for a short time (1910-1945) but those years left a scar in the country and her people, the actions of our predecessors inflicted pain and injuries to the whole Korean nation. We must recognize that injuries create a whole new experience, we could basically say that our country caused traumas to Korea in the short span of thirty five years.

The relations between our two countries are closer, we can safely say that both countries are friends striving to protect Asia from any threat, but long before reconciliation could take place, Korea's collective memory was scarred by our actions. Perhaps not all were bad, after all, Korea developed itself in a way similar as our country did before, but we also left a toxic memory in Korea, one that eventually caused the birth of the Hanahoe.

What caused the Hanahoe?

After the Korean War, the situation in the country was chaotic and quite bloody.

President Rhee's actions brought insurmountable pain to the whole nation, he began to lose support in the South of the country and guerrillas started to act through the entire peninsula. The brutality of his actions was enough to make him lose the support from his moderate allies, even the United States was worried about it, however, there wasn't anyone else to take the country back to the right road.

General Park Chung-hee was demoted by Syngman Rhee and it caused uproar in the military, several commanders admired the general as he was the one behind the resistance in Seoul against the KPA. Eventually the relations between Syngman Rhee and the Army also deteriorated, when the president strengthened the National Security Act, the consequences were lethal for his regime.

After him, the government quickly answered to the situation, not trusting Chang Myon to be capable enough to restore peace through the peninsula they chose to name Cho Bong-am as president of the Republic of Korea. I won't go on details of his administration, for an excellent book dealing with this period of history I recommend consulting Modern History: Korea, by Wade Barnett.

The trust between the Executive Office and the Armed Forces was severed after Syngman Rhee's actions, however, Cho Bong-am rapidly tried to repair it as he knew it could be dangerous. He promoted (once again) Park Chung-hee to general and eventually gave him an important position in his cabinet. But other commanders weren't satisfied with that solution, they were worried about the president's background. Some of them even saw him as an agent from the Soviet Union, a threat to the security of the country.

Here we can see how the Hanahoe came to be, military commanders worried about their country and deeply suspicious of their president.

When Park Chung-hee left the army, he wasn't expecting to form a political party, eventually, due to his popularity he received an important amount of donations from the general public and even from some military figures. However, the most important benefactor he had was the Central Intelligence Agency, after vice president Richard Nixon got interested in Park's career

Richard Nixon.jpg

Vice president Richard Nixon along CIA director, Allen W. Dulles adopted Korea as their experiment, they were heavily interested in the political developments of the peninsula considering Cho Bong-am as a possible threat to Korea's relation with the United States of America.

In the Summer of 1954, while Vietnam launched her invasion of Laos and Cambodia, the Democratic Republican Party had been growing steadily, however, that wasn't the only organization building up at Korea. Another one was growing at Sinuiju, at the north of the country, at those parts of the country the military had more liberties as they had to continue searching for remnants of the KPA and improving the defences at the Yalu river.

When the Battle of Vientiane started, a meeting took place at Sinuiju, several commanders from the ROK Army assisted to it, determined to stop the ongoing communist conspiracy to takeover the whole of Asia and to save Korea from being subjugated once again.

Ironically, the name Hanahoe means "Group of One", but it was established by a triumvirate. Those three individuals were decided to see Park Chung-hee as the leader of Korea and they were:

  • Chung Il-kwon. Well-known war hero from the Korean War, he was one of the most important leaders at the Battle of Busan and he participated in the rush towards Pyongyang.
  • Choe Deok-sin. Quite unpopular at the south of the peninsula as he was assigned to root out the communist guerrillas and remnants of the KPA.
  • Kim Suk-won. While he participated in the Korean War as a Major General, it wasn't enough for him to gain a seat at the triumvirate, he got it for his achievements during the Second World War as he was the third-highest ranking ethnic Korean in the IJA. Interestingly enough, seventeen years before he fought against Kim Il-sung's bandits around Baekdu Mountain.
The Hanahoe was established and all their members were decided to see Park Chung-hee as president of the Republic of Korea one way or another, they also had a clear goal, stopping the spread of communism through Asia.
-----------------------------------------------
Hi to everyone, I know this "update" is quite short and I apologize for it, but I've been having some tough times. Got injured recently and I wasn't able to walk at all and my time slowly faded away once I got back to classes, while Japanese is also taking part of my time.

But, I hope you all enjoy the update, it was an idea I got recently and I found it quite interesting, tbh.
Enjoy! ^^
 
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Sorry to hear about the injury, I hope the recovery is swift and as painless as possible.

This is all very intriguing. The plots around the leadership of Korea are swirling thick and fast.
 
I fear for what the future might hold for Korea should the Hanahoe be unable to reach their goals through conventional and legal channels. Whenever officers of the military secretly conspire to put one of their own in power, it's all too rare for them to take "No" for an answer...

As above; hoping for a swift and safe recovery!
 
I'm starting with tests and I'll soon have my second Japanese test, so, yeah...
I'll try to work on another Interlude, I already have the pictures to continue the Chapter but I was thinking there may be another interesting interlude to write about, but don't worry, I'll try to post a chapter update or another interlude soon!
:)

Sorry to hear about the injury, I hope the recovery is swift and as painless as possible.

This is all very intriguing. The plots around the leadership of Korea are swirling thick and fast.
Thanks for your words ^^ I've been feeling better.

Indeed, I'm also thinking about a way to make Chang Myon an important character as well. We've already seen that Cho Bong-am and Park Chung-hee are two of the main players, but even if Chang Myon isn't as popular as those two, he is also part of this.
:p
I fear for what the future might hold for Korea should the Hanahoe be unable to reach their goals through conventional and legal channels. Whenever officers of the military secretly conspire to put one of their own in power, it's all too rare for them to take "No" for an answer...

As above; hoping for a swift and safe recovery!
Thanks for your words ^^

I totally have to agree with you on that!
We all know how things go for a country after her military chooses to plot against the legitimate government, so, stay tuned!
;)
 
i was actually looking for Modern History: Korea, by Wade Barnett in Google :D

Thatnk you for the AAR, keep it going!
:p
I got you with that one, haha.

Thanks for your words!
Next update will come soon, I've been trying to improve my narrations, I expect to upload Part II in this week. :)

(I'm also brainstorming ideas for future events, specially as we are getting closer to a new decade for Korea.)
:D

Edit: I've been reading a book about Park's era in South Korea and believe me, Park in this AAR has been quite lucky, get ready for more chaos and plotting through the whole peninsula. :p
I am getting more and more ideas. :rolleyes:
 
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By Jove, that is a truly great AAR. I love the Far-Eastern intrigue, and I like how we get to see glimpses of that alternate world through several time periods.