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NewbieOne

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... And even later (esp. Istria).

(Map)

Those two are part of Friuli, the same the later kings of Italy came from.

So Maybe it's time to split d_Carinthia into two duchies or put these two counties under Friuli, like they should be?

To be honest, I wonder how your researchers & co. managed to miss this — Friuli was more or less another name for Aquileia, which exists in the game in a rump form (although yes, the old Lombard d_Friuli existed before the Patriarchate). Uh.

The March => Patriarchate of Aquileia was part of Italy until Otto I. It was only from 952 that it was ruled by Dukes of Bavaria, hence the Bavarian connection. From 976 by Dukes of Carinthia in personal union (meaning two separate titles) with d_Carinthia.

Istria had a more complicated history, but it was also part of Friuli and followed the same fate.

Please no kidding about the supposed existence of any gameplay-based reason for this sort of situation — if Bavaria is supposed to put pressure on the region, then script it to fabricate claims and THEN push them, they don't need de iure claims for that.

Even in history files, Aquileia — in addition to being Lombard-cultured — has been ruled by Lombards all the time, same for Istria. The de iure claim is as bad a joke as Holy Roman Day One De Iure War Over Gent. Not sure why you should want Bavaria to go there anyway, considering that it didn't — only in 952 did the King of Germany give some of these lands to the Dukes of Bavaria after subjugating the Kings of Italy. k_Bavaria has other things to do, other enemies to go after. (k_Bavaria can't really defeat k_Italy, but revolts are another matter.)

Just make the later large de facto Carinthia (1066-1070's) a grand duchy with d_Carinthia as the primary title.

The maximum expansion of the territory ruled by Dukes of Carinthia was a combination of multiple titles held by the dukes, not just one big Carinthia, and forget any de iure amalgamation into d_Carinthia itself.

This really needs fixing.

As far as I can tell, Istria was not rules by the Dukes of Carinthia at any time the game can start. The dates could be like between 952 (Otto I's invasion) and 1040 (spinoff) at best.

Generally please stop all these shenanigans with de iure map/borders being used as expansion pointers for the AI. It just doesn't work.
 
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Ruwaard

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Well the OP has a point with respect to Friuli. Istria is somewhat more complex though. In 1040 it was split from the march of Aquileia and turned into an own margraviate. Between 1040 and 1208 there was a link between Istria and Bavaria and Carinthia. After 1208 the patriarch of Aquileia got the title, but de facto the area was rather divided (Venice in coastal areas, the counts of Gorz* (Gorica/Görz/Gorizia) in the interior and the (Catholic) patriarchate of Aquileia).

(*= they (Meinhardinger) descended from Bavarian nobility)
 
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NewbieOne

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Well the OP has a point with respect to Friuli. Istria is somewhat more complex though. In 1040 it was split from the march of Aquileia and turned into an own margraviate. Between 1040 and 1208 there was a link between Istria and Bavaria and Carinthia. After 1208 the patriarch of Aquileia got the title, but de facto the area was rather divided (Venice in coastal areas, the counts of Gorz* (Gorica/Görz/Gorizia) in the interior and the (Catholic) patriarchate of Aquileia).

(*= they (Meinhardinger) descended from Bavarian nobility)

Yes, there was a link always, the Meinhardinger were German etc., but my point here is the 'de iure' state of things — especially considering that the de facto state of things in the game makes both Friuli and Istria culturally and politically Lombard — except for the Bavarian de iure claim and ultimately e_Germany.

I think the best of the worst — we can't really have a perfect solution here without going down to barony level etc. and one has to decide — could be to just put Friuli and Istria in d_Friuli. Any joint ruler would carry 2 ducal titles and be treated as a grand duke by the game or perhaps just one title and more land.

From the gameplay POV, the problem is Bavaria, on the kingdom level, coming in with de iure county claims and taking away Lombard land in early start dates. This including non-expansionist Bavarian rulers who would normally not get into the business of fabricating claims and conquering but will try to complete their de iure area out of a (simulated by the AI) sense of obligation or entitlement.

Also, perhaps let's start from putting c_Istria and c_Aquileia out of k_Bavaria in 769 and 867, at both of which dates there is clearly no reason for it to be there?

1066 and later could be treated separately, later, with more deliberation.