NewStatesman
Democracy Dies in Darkness
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Monday August 10th, 2020
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In Memoriam: Parris Marr
by Marina Hyde
Whether you knew him as a peer of the realm, a cabinet minister, a member of parliament, an editor, a writer, a television personality, a spy, or not at all, Parris Marr, who died yesterday at the age of 101, left a lasting impression on the collective imagination of Britain during the Twentieth century. Following a series of events that seem, to modern eyes, almost unbelievable, Marr went from reading English at Cambridge to coming within touching distance of the very top of The Establishment, before turning tail to fashion for himself position as Britain's ‘hipster-in-chief’ whilst serving as perhaps the most infamous editor of this very magazine.
To his family, Parris Marr was simply ‘Will’. Always a country lad at heart, paradoxically for a man so associated with London, he was born in rural Norfolk during the last weeks of the First World War. The second child of four, he was the eldest son in a family of obscure, though ultimately Celtic origins. His father Robert, a natural Liberal of Anglo–Irish stock, was a local publisher in Holt. Mother Rosa, born into a family of devout Anglicans, ensured that all of her children were brought up as regular churchgoers. Although he soon disavowed organised religion whilst a Communist at Cambridge in the early years of the Second World War, Marr was always touched by the tradition of Christian decency.
Academically, Will did well. His family managed to secure for him a scholarship to study at Gresham's School, before he was accepted to read English at Queens’ College, Cambridge. Here, although briefly a paying member of the Communist Party of Great Britain—much to the glee of countless political opponents decades later—he apparently considered that writing would be his lot. Never one for student politics, he spent his time instead on sports and theatre, notably earning a Blue as part of the winning crew in the 1939 boat race. It was only because of his girlfriend's influence that he joined the Labour Party in 1940. Marr married Cordelia Bonner, a fellow English student who later found recognition independably as an author, in 1945. They remained together until her death in 2009 at the age of 88.
When war broke out, Marr—now Parris, only Will to close friends and family—joined the Royal Artillery, where he first met Kingsley Amis, later his best man and a lifelong friend even after Amis’s rightward turn in middle age. He soon transferred to working for military intelligence, however, working variously for MI3 and MI6 in both Eastern Europe and North Africa. Throughout his life, Marr remained uncharacteristically unforthcoming about his days as a spy—even after he was ‘outed’ by the Daily Telegraph in 1969. Ever a civilian at heart, he declined that chance to stay on in the services and was discharged as Major Parris Marr in 1945, just in time to contest the seat of York in the Labour interest.
Never expecting to win the reliably Tory seat, Marr almost accepted an offer to assist in a production of Hamlet at Alec Clunes’ Arts Theatre in London. Of course, he did win—again and again. Marr turned the gentle Yorkshire country town into a quiet hotbed of Labour support, the seat returning him again in 1949, 1950 and 1954—and after him, returning George Kellaghan consistently from 1959 until his retirement from the Commons half a decade later. This probably spoke more of Marr's natural affinity for the provincial town. Even whilst foreign secretary at the height of one of the most strained moments in the Anglo–American relationship in 1958, Marr was a regular presence in York—as often spotted in its pubs as watching the football at Bootham Crescent. (Few people will have been as happy as Marr to see York City fight off relegation from the Championship at the end of last season.)
Elsewhere, Marr's political life has been covered in so much detail that it seem so redundant to say much here. Truthfully, he never comfortable being thrust into the cabinet by Attlee in 1947. Initially, he turned down an opportunity to work in the Treasury, preferring to stay on the backbenches, though could not decline a second offer, to head the Colonial Office, after having demonstrated a keen interest the in colonial affairs. Managing the fractious Anglo–Indian divorce as colonial secretary at the age of 28 soon soured his faith in the sort of managerial socialism that Attlee espoused and wished to applying on the world stage. Equivocating on India, his primary achievement was to insist on a two-state solution in Palestine. Later, as foreign secretary under Arthur Bennett, Marr was always a reluctant cold warrior, continually frustrated by both the Americans and his boss in Downing Street. The relationship between Marr and Bennett grew steadily worse as the Fifities wore on, almost deteriorating completely over the twin issues of Lords reform and Bennett's refusal to call an election in 1958. Although he kept himself from resigning from the cabinet, his eventual course of action was no less shocking to the political establishment when he declined to defend his seat in 1959, instead taking up the editorship of the New Statesman and embarking on a career in media.
Although Marr returned to frontline politics as first a reforming home secretary between 1966–9, overseeing the sort of sweeping liberalisation of British society he had been advocating as an editor, and then Labour leader in the finally-reformed House of Lords from 1969–79, it is clear now that political life was more of an itch to scratch than an actual calling. That the Labour Party today continue to use the term ‘Marrite’ is arguably far more down to his agitation in the media during the Sixties than due to his foreign policy work in the Forties and Fifties. Marrism is the dream of a social democratic Britain just as attuned to people's social, cultural and intellectuals needs as to their economic ones. If it isn't a viable, pragmatic political policy doctrine—those ‘what if?’ stories that have Marr beating Monaghan in 1966 and ushering in a liberal socialist paradise in Britain by the end of the Seventies always seem a tad farfetched—it remains a noble aspiration for the British Left.
Marr was happiest in cultural, rather than political circles. (He once joked that he preferred his wife's friends to his own.) As editor of this magazine during the Sixties, he was instrumental in kindling and stoking the flames of the Bright Society, the socially liberal and culturally daring set of London society who transformed life for a certain type of person (metropolitan, middle-class) at the height of the Cold War. As the presenter of BBC Two's New Society, he did much to modernise the role of public-service television, bringing a revolutionary mix of reportage, discussion and popular culture to British screens. He later expanded this philosophy when he was appointed as the inaugural director of Channel 4 in 1982, fashioning the new broadcaster as a force for the promotion of new and unheard voices. By the time he stepped down in 1990, and whilst the BBC had always maintained its lead in areas like news and sport and mass appeal, Channel 4 had become the darling of viewers looking for bold comedy, intelligent discussion and modern culture. By the time of the 1994 election, the second won by old Marr protégé George Kellaghan, one commentator quipped that Marr could do more to influence British society by leaving politics than by staying in it. It was meant as a put-down, but it was accurate: the triumph of Kellaghan's ‘Modern Socialism’ during the Nineties arguably represented the flowering of seeds planted by Marr back in 1959. It therefore only seemed natural that the traditional rightwing tabloid media should loathe Kellaghan with an almost unprecedented passion. When he came out as gay after retiring to the backbenches in 1995, it was almost the perfect punchline: the apotheosis of the Marrite ideal.
Marr, of course, could not carry on forever. He entered semi-retirement when he accepted the role of president of his beloved Queens’ College in 1992, though still appeared regularly on television as both a commentator and a presenter. His definitive Parris Marr's New Society, a history of post-war British popular culture broadcast every Sunday night for what seemed like an age in the mid-Nineties—naturally, on Channel 4—will always have a special place in the hearts of a certain type of person my age. Largely, however, he resumed a literary career that had been put on hold, seemingly for good, four decades earlier. His three-volume memoir, The Marr Years, was published to acclaim in 1998, in his eightieth year, following a two-volume cultural history to accompany his TV series in 1996. In 2001, he fronted a fortieth-anniversary special episode of New Society—pinched for Channel 4 and revived by Marr in 1983 after having spent the previous decade sliding into irrelevance following the departure of presenter Jonathan Miller in 1972. A decade later, at the age of 92, he appeared as a guest on the show to mark its fiftieth birthday.
Retiring from his Queens’ presidency soon after the Millennium, Marr spent his final two decades in peace at his home in Norfolk. The death of his wife Cordelia in 2009 after 64 years of marriage was a deep personal blow, after which largely retreated from public life. In 2009, he guest-edited a special issue of this magazine to mark fifty years since the seminal “Manifesto For A Human Society”—and in 2016, as part of the celebrations of Shakespeare's four-hundredth anniversary, he even helped Sir Ian McKellen put on a special one-night production of Hamlet at the Barbican, only delayed by 61 years. It seems a fitting note on which to end any examination of Marr's life, and no doubt he knew it. Hamlet, that famous figure of dualities and restlessness, alienated by power at a young age and sheltered by knowledge alone, is a fanciful fit for Marr. But then he was always one for theatre.
• William Parris Marr, Lord Marr of Blackfriars. Cultural figure, born October 3 1918; died August 9 2020. Marr is survived by his three children, Eve, David and Ellen. He served as editor of the New Statesman from 1959 to 1966.