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Welcome to another Europa Universalis IV development diary – Number 23 in fact. We have already done three more development diaries than we’d done for Europa Universalis III, and we still have about 30 more possible diaries to write.* There is still a lot to talk about when it comes to diplomacy, naval combat, westernization, economy, the Reformation and more.* And yes, we also need to make country guides for Poland and Norway.

Today, however, we’re talking a little more about diplomacy, where we introduce a new concept, and talk about how a few others have changed.

Coalitions
Sometimes you simply do not want to ally with someone because they are likely to drag you into a bunch of wars that you have no interest in, but, at the same time you think they would make a great ally for the war you do want to wage.

EUIV addresses this problem with the coalition system, a mutual alliance that is directed against a single country. You have an alliance leader, say the Papacy, who organizes an alliance say directed against Venice. Then they sign up countries like France, Milan and Austria. The alliance only fires in the event of war with Venice but if war does erupt all countries in the Coalition will be called in.

Initially, this power is only open to Catholic countries and can only be organized by the Papal Controller, reinforcing the idea that the Pope is still quite important in the early centuries of the game. Later on though, advances in diplomatic technology will allow any country to organize its own coalition against a common rival. Some Dynamic Historical Events can form some historic coalitions if the stars are aligned properly, as well.

Coalitions become, then, a great way to contain a growing threat or hated neighbor since everyone signs on to fight before the war starts. It can be challenging to get a coalition moving, since you need your potential allies to see the strategic threats in the same way you do. But it is a valuable tool that reinforces common interests.

Relations
We talked earlier about the change from bilateral relations to a system where you can hate me, but I don't hate you. (I don’t hate anybody!) This means we had to devise ways to change the asymmetrical love-hate relationship.

- Improve Relations
To improve relations, you send a diplomat to their capital, and he will slowly increase their opinion of your country. There is a cap though, currently at +200 approval, on how much a diplomat can affect what a country think of you, so you may need to address or wait out the other reasons why they dislike you as well if you want to get perfect relations.* Your diplomat stays in the foreign capital until he is recalled, so this does limit your diplomatic freedom a little. If you recall your diplomat, the 'improved relations' opinion will slowly decay by about 3 points each year.

- Insults
If you want to make some not like you, and maybe poke them into a war, say something mean. Insulting someone, reduces their opinion of you by -25 for ten years, and will also give them a casus belli on you for a year.

Overextension
In dev diary #13, we talked about how overextension worked.*This has now changed after lots of testing and tweaking, as the original design punished early expansion, while ignoring the problem of mid and late-game landgrabs.

Now, your overextension is now a value directly related to the amount of basetax you earning from non-core provinces. So a basetax 6 province gives you 6% overextension, no matter how big you are. So, even a normal conquest in a major war, say taking 2 or 3 rich provinces, can net you a significant overextension penalty which calls for a period of consolidation.

Coring Provinces
Since overextension changed, so has how you add provinces to your core. First of all, the price in administrative power points scales depending, again, on the basetax of the province. There are several ideas that decrease it for you, and increase it for your enemies. Secondly, coring is no longer instant. It takes 3 years, not counting any modifiers, to core it. All the while you still have the overextension penalties to cost of stability and to your revolt risk. Larger countries core province much more slowly, as each non-overseas province you own will increase coring times by 5%.

An overseas province of your own culture (such as a colony) is still instant to core, and costs 10% of the normal cost to core. We don’t want to discourage you from settling the New World because of delays in adding them to your core list.

For those of you who can read our script files, this what you pay for being overextended, with each factor mulitplied with the overextension percentage.
Code:
over_extension = {
	foreign_merchant_compete_chance = -4.0
	stability_cost_modifier = 2.0			
	papal_influence = -10
	mercenary_cost = 2.0
	diplomatic_reputation = -10
	global_revolt_risk = 20
}

Hope you'll enjoy a quick World Conquest now that you know how easy it will be.. And here is a completely unrelated screenshot.. just cause you know..

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Can I get a little clarification of the definition of overseas? I mean, France getting a German minor that can only be gotten to by sea is presumably handled differently from getting a concession in India, even though both can technically be gotten to by Land, but realistically have to be gotten to by sea.

If this is handled by continent, How would a large multi continent empire (Russia) handle that?
 
considering its overseas, they don't care at all.
Oh, oh, oh, I know! Can someone move his capital to the New World and conquer all of the Old World with no overextension whatsoever?

Also, is "overseas" still determined the way it was in EU3? So if someone takes Bursa and (always forget what the second province was) from OE (or they sell it to one of Turkish minor vassals, wink wink), thus breaking land connection of Asia Minor to Istanbul, will it be possible to take over Asia with no overextension?
 
Yeah I was thinking that the 'overseas' thing might be abusable somehow - I can see why you would want to make the distinction though. Wouldn't it be better to simply distinguish between colonised provinces (i.e. previously empty provinces you sent colonists to) and 'settled' provinces? I don't really like the implication that it's easier for say England to take over India than for Russia to conquer the steppes.

At the very least please make this moddable!
 
Oh and since diplomats are now characters (a bit like your chancellor in CK2 I suppose?) you send out on missions... How many diplomats do you have on average right now?

You start the game with two but there are things you can do to increase this number.
 
Will the previous version of overextension be included for modding purposes? I could see people finding a use for it.

Also, when it comes to reducing the impact of overextension, will certain ideas reduce overextension by a percentage (EG 20% overextension is reduced by half to 10%) or give free "credits" (EG First 10 base Tax of overextension is "free"), or just subtract a certain amount of overextension (IE you get -10% overextension, 15% becomes 5%), or a mixture of all 3?

I could see it being an interesting choice. The percentage encourages warmongering, while the flat base tax or subtracted percentage (which are almost the same thing) would encourage limited aggression.
 
I don't recall this being addressed, so I may as well ask. Is coring via timer gone? I never got the sense that this new "spend diplo points for a core" system had replaced the old "wait a few generations and the peasants will learn their place" system. I think it would be ideal for the two to co-exist, and I'm hoping there's a ceiling on how much longer a territory can take to core. Otherwise Russia may be a tad bit difficult to place historically, reaching to the Pacific by the 1600s and all that.
 
A very interesting DD! I like the fact that coalition systems can be mimicked, early in game it will be mostly like The Holy League. Eventually I guess the Protestant Union versus the Catholic League, but also the Grand Alliance (League of Augsburg).
 
considering its overseas, they don't care at all.

What if the Dutch take Hamburg but not Oldenburg or East Frisia to connect it with the rest of their provinces?


Surely ahistorical?

But surely a good gameplay decision. Prevents Konstantinoupolis from turning turkish muslim with a core in three days, for instance.


I don't recall this being addressed, so I may as well ask. Is coring via timer gone?

Well it went away and came back. Apparently takes three years now, from the moment you spend your monarch points on it.
 
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When coalition war starts, are coalition members forced to join the war, or have they a right to refuse?

This is a relevant question. (They should be forced imho). So this is what is going to replace infamy-system I take it. If you behave bad enough, other countries will band together against you in a mega-coalition. It looks great on paper. I hope (and believe) it works.
 
I get the feeling part of the general design philosophy for EU4 was to have internal challenges give realistic external limitations. Maybe limitations is the wrong word, but in a practical sense it seems it will stop you just blobbing away like Jabba the Hutt in a lard factory.
 
What if the Dutch take Hamburg but not Oldenburg or East Frisia to connect it with the rest of their provinces?

From EU3 wiki:

A province is considered overseas when all of the following conditions apply:

The province is in different continent than the capital.
The distance from the capital is greater or equal to 250.
Doesn't have a land connection to the capital.
 
Will modders still be able to make events/decisions/missions giving cores? Or has something else replaced them for such overseas provinces as Goa?

I'm curious about how overextension will affect Portugal. They're much smaller than Spain, but exploded at the same time, and with more conflict against more countries. While there is an argument that they overexended, its also true that the dual monarchy was a big reason for their decline, effectively making them junior partner to Spain. (Also, had they been independent, would they have been able to avoid the losses to the Netherlands. Would the latter even have wished to fight another country, if already and unavoidably, embroiled with Spain?)

Another question I have is whether peace deals will be reworked so the alliance leader cannot hog all the rewards of victory.
 
Seems like Australia will be continent of capitals...

In calculation of the effect of over extension with respect to tax base of the province, I think overall tax base of the country should be taken into account. If the country is a 70 city behemoth, I don't think they would be "over extended" by addition of two more provinces...

Also isn't it having over seas provinces in India an "over extension" for Netherlands, rather than having a neighboring city state?

And lastly why would a rampaging Castille be punished by Papacy for holding North African Muslim cities?
 
I like the admin points system because it will be like a currency you can use to build your country and that overextension will replace infamy as an expansion limiting factor. It feels very realistic, I hope it turns out great. Can't wait to play it and the screenshot and map of India looks beautiful! The map looks rich with pretty good detail and representation of elevated areas like around the alps, quite an improvement from EU3.