The Reign of Manuel II (1391-1425) PART 3
Hey everyone! Thanks for reading and especially thank you to those who have posted replies...its nice to know that someone is actually reading this!
And as a further incentive, I will post a picture up when I reach the year 1429 in my AAR...and yes I am doing that on purpose!
So, without further ado...*******************************
It is the Year of our Lord 1422 in the Byzantine Empire (actually, its 1422 regardless of the country, but let us not quibble). His Imperial Majesty, Manuel II, is, at the moment, content. Three years ago, before the meeting of the High Council where the new Baron of Morea made his Court Debut, Manuel II would not have thought it possible that Byzantium could actually have expanded beyond the two provinces he had known ever since he was the Prince Imperial back in the days of his father’s rule.
Sitting in the Great Hall on his Imperial Throne of State, the Emperor contemplated these thoughts and more. Though he was sure that he would not live to see any major additions to the Empire, surely he had already set the plan in motion so that his heirs and descendants could re-build the glory of Rome, as the Byzantine Empire.
Enthroned, Manuel II looked regal, no…imperial, as he awaited the gathering of the High Council to finish in his antechambers. As his Imperial Page awaited the ever so slight nod from his Sovereign, indicating to summon the Council into the Great Hall, the Emperor of Byzantium and Heir to Rome mused on his position in the grand scheme of the world.
– We must expand even more, yet the Ottomans are still strong… it would not yet be wise to invade their lands at this moment in history, no matter the fact that by right those very lands belong to Rome… however, the Ottomans are not the only Turkish tribes in control of Anatolia…there are smaller (translate weaker) states that exist….such as Karaman and Teke, although they are in an alliance together…hhhmmmm…
As the Emperor continued his thoughts, the Councilors continued their wait outside the Great Hall, gossiping yet once more, as they once did three years ago, wondering exactly where their sovereign would take them this time….
-I know the Emperor is planning a campaign in Anatolia, but WHAT are the details?...- Secrecy is of the utmost importance now…you never know who may be a spy, especially with His Imperial Majesty’s ever increasing tolerance of the Muslim heathens… -Psstt…rumor has it that the Imperial forces are being gathered for an invasion of the Ottomans’ realm… -What about the Ottoman’s revocation of military access: do you think that they are preparing an invasion???
The side door opens to the antechambers, and the Imperial Page announces:
-His Imperial Majesty, Emperor Manuel II of the Romans, hereby summons his High Council to enter the Great Hall- With a flourish that indicated a job easier than it actually was, the Page opened the tall, heavy, golden doors that separated the Nobles from their Sovereign. They entered the Hall.
***
As soon as the nobles finished entering, Manuel II spoke:
- I have summoned you all here today to lay out my course of action, and to see what advice <hhmmff> you may have for me.
-Since the news arrived last August of the annexation of Trebizond, I have decided that the Turkish threat in Anatolia must be met head on. To that point, I am well aware of your speculations regarding the Ottomans. They are a threat, and will be dealt with in time; I am not, however, so utterly stupid as to think that we can not meet the threat of the Ottomans without improving our own realm.
-Therefore, I am instituting tax collectors in all provinces of Graecia currently under our dominion.
-Second, in order to meet the threat of the Ottomans, who are well organized as a state and society, we must expand once again. In order to do so, we will next target the Sultanates of Teke and Karaman, in the south of Anatolia.- The Emperor pauses… - Any questions?-
A lone noble rises to this point…his grace Augustus, Duke of Rhodes: - Your Majesty, I beseech you to reconsider this course of action. They are Turks and Muslims, and as such would add an element of instability to our Empire if incorporated…would not our resources be better spent on the Greek (and Orthodox) islands of Crete, Ionia, and Rhodes?
The Emperor began a frown; he had suspected that this one particular nobleman would bring up these objections, especially with regards to Rhodes (from whose family the Knights had taken the island when they had rested it from Byzantine control a few centuries ago).
However, before the Emperor could formulate a dignified response, the Baronet Galen of Morea rose to respond:
- Your Majesty, My Lords: We are but discussing the possibilities of further expansion. Greek isles, Anatolia; these are ALL the rightful inheritance of Byzantium, as the heir to Rome. Consider: would it not be better to capture the Muslim Turks’ provinces, and then convert them to the True Faith? The Greek Isles are Christian, and follow the Patriarch of Constantinople, even if they are ruled by the swine of the West. Why fight against Christians at this point? Why not instead fight against the Heathens of Anatolia? Why anger the rest of the Christian world without need? I propose that we follow the Emperor’s plan.- Pausing for effect… -Once we are strong, and have rebuilt our Empire here in the East, then time enough to turn and re-conquer our rightful provinces in the West.-
With that said, the baronet took his seat once more. As the assembled nobles murmured amongst themselves, the Emperor thought:- Apparently the young baronet has a point.
The Duke of Rhodes rose again; as he began to drone on the Emperor realized that the Baronet and the Duke were vying for political control, though the baronet, at least, appeared to put service to the Imperium and the best interests of the Empire before personal gain; unlike the Duke who only thought of his family’s lost isle.
Cutting off the Duke, the Emperor responds: - Is there anyone else here who thinks as His Grace the Duke of Rhodes does, to wit that we should go for the Greek Isles as opposed the lesser Turkish Sultanates of Anatolia?-
With no response, the Emperor smiled; at least he knew that though the Duke may be annoying, he commanded no following (stab = 3)
- Very well, unless there is any objection, I hereby re-instate the Baronet Galen of Morea back to his family’s former rank, that of Baron. Congratulations, Baron of Morea.- APPLUASE - And you, my Lord Duke, are hereby demoted to the rank of Viscount, for your impertinence in my High Council, and for the folly of your counsel. Remove yourself from my chambers at once! Turning to a Page - Send a diplomat to the Sultan of Teke, and inform him that as of January 24 in the Year of the Lord 1422, the Empire of Byzanitum is at war with the Sultanate of Teke-
Thus began the First Turkish War. As soon as the declaration reached Teke, her ally Karaman joined in the war against Byzantium. Unconcerned, Manuel II ordered the Imperial Army to board the Navy and sail for the Coast of Rhodes, so that an invasion of Teke could commence.
In February of 1422, the troops landed in Antalya, capital of Teke, and lost the battle there, retreating toward the province of Taurus, capital of Karaman. As soon as the morale recovered, the commander attempted invading Antalya once more; again to no avail, and retreated again, this time to Konya, and started a siege.
By July, re-enforcements were ready in Thrace, and set sail for Antalya once more. This army to could not win the pitched battle against the Army of Teke. It retreated into Konya, and then into Taurus and besieged the city there.
***
In the middle of December, Manuel II sat at his desk in his private study, poring over the reports of his generals in Anatolia. He decides to issue the following command to his generals: “ You are hereby ordered to cease and desist your attempts to battle the armies of Teke in Antalya. Take out Karaman first, and then consolidate and attack Teke when Karaman is defeated. These orders are in effect until further instruction from the Capital”
(Going for a ‘divide and conquer’ approach here)
***
By July of 1423, the patience of the armies paid off: Konya fell and surrendered to the control of Byzantium. The Thrace Regiment then invaded Adana from Konya, and won a pitched battle there and besieged the province.
***
- Your Majesty, - the herald addressed Manuel II, - the Baron of Morea reports that the subjects of Morea, inspired by the news of Your Majesty’s successes in Anatolia, spontaneously formed a regiment of 5000 strong Wednesday last, the 17th of Spetember, ready and eager to join the Imperial cause!-
- Well, that is good news indeed! Tell the Baron to assume command of the regiment until an Imperial commander can be shipped to Morea.- (EVENT: Enthusiasm for the Army)
- Well, is there anything else, or are you just lazy in carrying out my orders?-
-No, Your Majesty, I have more news: the heathens in the capital city of Karaman, in the province of Taurus, have succumbed to your Imperial forces.- The Page bowed low and backed out of the Imperial Study as he muttered these words.
***
With the capture of Taurus from Karaman, it was only a matter of time before that sultanate would fall. In January of 1424, Konstantinos Dragas, a relative of the Emperor on his mother’s side, sailed from Thrace to Morea to take command of the Morea Regiment under the command of the Baron. This regiment then made its way back to Thrace to guard the capital.
I n September of that same year, Byzantium captured the third and final province from Karaman, and Manuel II negotiated a peace settlement with the Sultan of Karaman, with the result that the provinces of Konya and Adana were ceded to Byzantium. No sooner was the ink dry on the parchment than the armies formerly besieging Karaman’s provinces were moved to Antalya (Teke), where another pitched battle was lost. After this defeat, His Majesty decided to send his cousin, Konstantinos Dragas, to command those forces there. But soon Manuel II would have more to worry about…
***
As the month of November 1424 dragged on, Manuel II sat back in his throne room once again, much as he had at the beginning of the year, with the noticeable exception that the noisy and bothersome High Council was not outside his door (-Thank God for that!- he thought). And once more, he contemplated the state of his Empire.
- Two more provinces…I never thought that would happen…I only expected that maybe we would get some tribute…hhmm…that Baron of Morea seems promising…maybe I should make him my First Minister…he seems to know how to handle the High Council too…
A page entered the Chambers: - Your Majesty, His Eminence the Ambassador from the Ottoman Sultan is here to discuss urgent matters with you. I shall remain to translate.-
The Sultan’s Ambassador entered with a flourish. The Emperor called another page: - Make sure that there are guards outside the door this time, in case he bears more bad news… To the translating page: - Do NOT translate that!-
To the Ambassador the Emperor said:- So we meet again, Your Eminence. I trust that you had less trouble entering the city this time?-, waiting for the translation to finish.
- Ah yes, I did, quite more easily, thank you. I didn’t even have to plead neutrality.- A pause…- However, I did not come to exchange pleasantries. I came merely to inform you that His Majesty the Sultan of the Ottomans, has decided that it appears that Byzantium has become a bit more expansionistic.- pause for translation… - Furthermore, your aggressions against the Karaman and Teke Turks must not go unpunished. Therefore, you may consider this a declaration of war.- The Ottoman Ambassador promptly turned around and started to leave as the translation was being finished.
The translation was finished just as the Ambassador reached the doors; upon opening them the Ambassador found a nice surprise: about 20 Imperial House Guards standing in the antechamber.
Turning around and facing the Emperor Manuel II, the Ambassador stuttered for words, which the Page thankfully omitted from the translation: - What the untranslatable is going on here? You can’t keep me hostage!-
Oh, but I can- replied the Emperor cheerfully. - But I have decided not to do that…-
The Ambassador looked at Manuel II with relief…
- I have instead decided that your Sultan has meddled in MY affairs for the last time.- (To the Guards) - Off with his head!- To the page when he was done translating - Make sure his head is sent to the Sultan with my regards.- Manuel II ignored the pleading of the Ambassador as he was led off to the execution wing o f the palace….
***
And so it came to pass the Ottomans became an unplanned part of the First Turkish War. In December, they besieged Hellas, wreaking havoc amongst the populace and the countryside.
In January 1425, the Thrace Army under the command of Konstantinos Dragas arrived in Antalya and won a battle against Teke, and began a siege there.
***
- So, what do you think of our capital city, your eminence?- the Emperor Manuel II asked the Nubian Ambassador who arrived only yesterday, waiting again for the page to finish translating…
- I enjoy it very much Your Majesty.- pause…- It would please His Majesty the King of Nubia if your august Majesty would be so kind as to consider an alliance with him.
Manuel II pondered this thought…and replied: - On one condition-, waiting for the translation… that your Sovereign consider a marriage proposal. I am sure that he would be honored if one of his relations were married, say, to my son Ioannes Paleologus?-
- Your majesty, he would be honored indeed!
(Byzantium accepts alliance proposal, and submits marriage proposal with Nubia, which accepts)
***
And so over the next few months, the armies of Byzantium did their best to contain the Ottoman menace. None too happy with the treatment of their ambassador (who happened to be the favorite nephew of the Sultan) the Ottomans fought ferociously, and besieged Constantinople beginning in March of 1425.
In Graecia, the armies entered Macedonia from Thrace and defeated the Ottomans in a battle there, and begain to siege the city, only to move on to Hellas the next month, again to meet the Ottomans in battle, though this time losing. In the Eastern sphere, the Taurus Regiment entered the province of Anatolia, but were routed by a superior army there, it being the capital of the Ottoman Empire. In June, Manuel II decided to end the war with Teke, and offered a peace of Status Quo, which she gratefully accepted.
In July, the Ottomans invaded Konya, and defeated the Byzantine forces there, and began a siege. At this point, they had Hellas, Thrace, and Koyna under siege. Just as the end of July approached, the Byzantines actually defeated an army in Macedonia, and began a siege. Then disaster struck….
***
Since the Ottoman declaration of war, Manuel II had sent his son Ioannes to Nubia to live with his new wife, the daughter of the Nubian King. As Ioannes sat outside one day, contemplating his future after reading the letter from his father regarding the conduct of the war, an Imperial Herald approached.
- Sire? - the herald slowly said, confusing Ioannes; only his father was called sire: his title was “highness”
-Yes, what is it?-
- Sire, I regret to inform you, but…-LONG PAUSE…-But your father, His Majesty Manuel II…has…well…has died…due to disease and lack of food because of the Ottoman’s siege of Constantinople.
***
And so the Emperor Manuel II died, during the siege of Constantinople, July 22, 1425, and Ioannes VII became Emperor.
Immediately upon learning this news, Ioannes set off for Morea with his wife, the new Empress, and from there began to implement the long term dream that his father had begun six years before, and had only shared with him upon his marriage with the Nubian Princess…and had disclosed in the letter that he now held in his hand…the last letter he would ever receive from his father.