Chapter 25 : The "Weser Exercise"
Reichskanzlei, Berlin - 1940, February the 17th - 1300
The Führer meets all newly appointed corps commanders, including GeneralLeutnant von Manstein, CO XXXVIII. AK.
- "Meine Herren, once again I want to congrat all of you : I feel confident you're going to do a great job as commanding officers.
Sie dürfen wegtretten...
- Sieg Heil !!!
- Hummm... GeneralLeutnant von Manstein !
- Zu Befehl, mein Führer.
- Would you please follow me into my office...
..............................................
- GeneralLeutnant : as you know, my personal adjudant, Oberst Schmundt, was at your headquarter two weeks ago and it appears you would have a plan for the french campaign. A decisive plan ! Like National-socialism, the new form of warfare must be revolutionnary, using paratroopers, tanks... and surprise !
- Indeed, mein Führer. The current plan of the
OKH is far more too conservative to bring us a quick and decisive victory. Besides, after this incident at Mechelen, the Allies are waiting for us...
New plan, new... moves ??!!!
- You're right, GeneralLeutnant. I already had a hintch concerning an attack through the Ardennes and I'm glab to meet someone sharing this idea. Tell me more about your plan and let's see if we can combine it with my plans to use airborne units in the Nederlands and the belgian fortresses..."
OKM Hauptquartier, Berlin - 1940, February the 23rd - 0900
Meeting between GroßAdmiral Raeder, CinC Navy (OberBefehlsHaber der Marine) and KonterAdmiral Dönitz, Führer der U-Boote.
- " I told you it was a criminal idea, Admiral !!!
- I beg your pardon ?
- As ordered, the
6. U-Flottille has left
Lisboa on February the 08th to resume convoy raiding off the coasts of Portugal and this, despite the fact that all repairs haven't been done and therefore it wasn't fully combat ready.
- And ?
- And on February the 21st, the
6. U-Flottille has been spotted and engaged by an Hunter-Killer Group of the Royal Navy. It's no longer reporting since !!! One experienced commander, 12 valuable crews and their boats are now at the bottom of the ocean just because you didn't want to wait a bit !!!
From now on, my u-boats will stay in port until I can say we can deploy them under the right conditions !!!
- But we have to keep the Allies under pressure, KonterAdmiral !
- Then use your precious surface raiders, Admiral. Do you now how many freighters we managed to sink in January-February, Admiral ?
- No.
- Only
39, Admiral, from which 23 through MY u-boats... and
11 escorts too !!!
The Allies are reorganizing themselves and they're forming well escorted convoys now : if we have to attack them, it must be thought and planned. I won't tolerate my crews being sacrified for nothing. Btw, the Führer shares my opinion too..."
ReichsFührung der SS, Berlin - 1940, March, the 2nd - 1030
Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler meets Gottlob Berger, his Chief of Staff.
- "Guten Morgen, Herr Reichsführer !
- You can say that, mein lieber Berger. Today is a wonderful day !
- ................................................................
- I've got the confirmation from the Führer himself : the
Waffen-SS is now a reality. The bloodshed of our comrades has finally paid off.
- That's great, Herr Reichsführer, but I'm afraid it won't solve our problemes. It's going to take a while before the Heer will consider us as their equals. For most of the Wehrmacht officers, the SS-men are still merely sunday-soldiers...
- Our guys performed well in Poland though it's true that their casualties were quite high in comparison of the Heer.
- Herr Reichsführer, in modern warfare, courage alone isn't sufficient anymore : we need to learn proper fighting skills and doctrine of use. Acording to the reports of GeneralLeutnant
Hausser, we'll soon start a new training programme for our men, as well as on the field as in our officer-schools like Bad Tölz or Posen-Treskau.
So far I know, we're going to need it, Herr Reichsführer. Things will soon be very hot on the western front...
- Indeed and I want our SS-men as spearhead, mein lieber Berger...
- Herr Reichsführer, I don't know how the Heer will use our units but it is obvious the OKH wants them : the
Polizei-Division has just been ordered to leave Poland and to move west. It is part of the
OKH Reserve now."
OKL Haupquartier, Berlin - 1939, March the 15th - 1030
Meeting between Reichsmarschall Göring, CinC Luftwaffe, and GeneralMajor Hans Jeschonnek, his Chief of Staff.
- "Any news of the last air raid against
Essen ?
- Jawohl, Herr ReichsMarschall. As expected, the bristish heavy bombers have been driven back with extrem heavy casualties. The Brits sent roughly 250 bombers and we have at least
150 kills confirmed for the loss of
18 fighters on our side.
British bombers intercepted on their flight back
Milch's plan to intercept them of their way back is paying off apparently, Herr ReichsMarschall. But we're still looking after a way to improve our defense system.
- You'd better have to !!! It's the 4th air raid on
Essen since the beginning of the year !!!
- Yes but each time, the Brits paid a murderous cost :
on January the 15th, they've sent 200 medium bombers and lost
135 of them for
8 fighters on our side. This air raid has been driven back.
On January the 26th, 300 heavy bombers. They lost
230 of them and we lost
14 fighters. Almost no damage on the city.
On February the 14th, 180 medium bombers.
100 shot down for
8 fighters. Raid aborted.
Counting the attack of yesterday, the Brits have lost over
600 aircrafts in the last 3 months. We, barely
50, and the damages in
Essen are almost none...
And this, Herr ReichsMarschall, are the confirmed kills ! I'm quite sure their casualties are heavier than that but since we intercept part of their bombers over the North Sea, we can't recover all of their wrecks.
The best proof we're succeding is the fact that the air raids are more spaced in time and they have less aircrafts each time. This month, we haven't seen their medium bombers at all !
- So, you're telling me that the Brits can't sustain such an high rate of casualties anymore ?
- Exactly, Herr ReichsMarschall. We're making them bleed to death !
- Good news, General. Give me your reports : I'm going to see the Führer and Goebbels. No doubt that "Herr Doktor" will find out a way to improve the morale of the german people..."
OKW Hauptquartier Wünsdorf - 1940, March the 28th - 1100
The Führer meets all High-Command Officers (OKW, OKH, OKM, OKL) with their chiefs of staff.
- "Meine Herren. As you all know, Finland has been ignominiously attacked by the USSR. Although their defense forces our admiration, I'm afraid it's just a matter of time until they collapse.
Under the false pretext of helping the Finns, France and Britain are planning an intervention in the Great North and their troops are assembling in Brest : they intend to land in northern Norway and from there, they will be able to control the traffic of Swedish iron ore. As you know, when the Baltic Sea freezes in winter, all our iron ore has to transit through the norwegian port of Narvik.
The incident with the freighter
'Altmark' showed that the Norwegians aren't able to garanty the integrity of their territory and I'm sure it's just a matter of time before the Allies start to lay mine in the norwegian waters.
Meine Herren ! This is a matter of absolute security for the Great German Reich !!! We have to gain control over Norway before the Allies can land up there ! Admiral Raeder ?
- Danke, mein Führer...
Thanks to the cooperation of all 3 branchs of the Wehrmacht, we've set-up a plan in order to secure our vital iron ore supplies : we called it
"Unternehmen Weserübung". The plan is to occupy as quickly as possible both Norway and Denmark.
For discretion purpose, we've kept the number of troops involved in this operation as low as possible. Surprise is VITAL !!!
As the invasion will largely be relying on the Kriegsmarine for its fulfillment, GeneralAdmiral Schniewind will lead and coordinate the whole operation. Heeres- and Luftwaffen commanders will regain autonomy once deployed in their respective zones.
Admiral
Schniewind ?
-
6 divisions of the Heer, transported on Kriegmarine's ships, will simultaneously land in
Oslo,
Kristansand,
Stavanger,
Bergen,
Trondheim and
Narvik. The goal is to seize and secure these points as quickly as possible, in order not only to prevent the Allies of landing but also to secure the supply of our forces and to allow our air units to redeploy on norwegian airfields.
This part of the plan is called
"Weserübung Nord".
In the same time, 3 other divisions and some misc. units of the Heer plus the full
Luftlandekorps of the Luftwaffe will attack strategic points in Denmark, either through land, sea or air assault.
This is
"Weserübung Süd".
D-Day will be April, the 9th - H-Hour, 0600.
Unternehmen 'Weserübung'
"Weserübung Süd" should be the easy part : we have no accurate picture of the state of readiness of the danish military but its reduced size shouldn't be a major concern for our troops.
At H-Hour,
198. and
214. IDs, supported by the
11. Schützen-Brigade, one
Brandenburger detachment and 3 armored trains will cross the danish border.
Panzer-Abt. zbV 40 will wait to exploit any gap in the defender's positions.
XXXI. Höhereskommando of General
Kaupisch will coordinate land operations.
In the same time, the
Luftlandekorps will launch a simultaneous air assault : the
Sturm-Rgt on
Fredrikshavn, the
22. Luftlande-Div. on
Arhus and the
7. Fliger-Div. on the capital,
Copenhagen.
170. ID will land near
Copenhagen in order to help the
7. Flieger-Div.
The last
Brandenburger detachment will land on
Faaborg to prevent the withdrawal of danish units defending
Sönderborg.
The
LuftFlotte 5 of General
Milch will provide air support until it can redeploy to Norway. If necessary, elements of the
Luftflotten 1.,
2. and
3. can be requested.
The
"Schnellbootsflotte" will cover our transport ships but the
Baltic Fleet, as well as the
3. U-Flottille will be patrolling the
Kattegat Area and as such, they will be available for support too.
"Weserübung Nord" is far more risky and complicated. As you all know, the Royal Navy alone rules the waves and with the french navy on its side, the Kriegsmarine has no chance at all in a direct confrontation.
In the last months, our naval aviation intensified its operations in the
Skaggerak and
Kattegat Areas, while all our ships stayed in port. We damaged numerous ships and the consequences of that if that the Allies stopped sending ships in those areas. While risking men and boats if the enemy is staying home...?
Thanks to this kind of 'maskirovka', added to the fact that nobody really expects such "crazy" move, it is very likely that our different task-forces might reach the norwegian waters undetected. The problem was to coordinate our ships : once they will be detected, the Allies will strongly react.
Therefore, before the war, we've conducted some exercises so we now exactly know the amount of time we need to reach each destination.
'Weserübung Nord' - OoB and coordination
Each task-force departure has been calculated so that they'll all be on station at 0400 on D-Day. it will leave enough time for some discreet reconnaissance in order to determinate the best landing point.
The most exposed landing groups,
Stavanger-
Bergen-
Kristiansand, have AT BEST 15 hours to have their troops on land before some french or british ships arrive !!! Previous exercises showed us we need 11 hours to land a full division. Do the maths ! Our safety window will be closing in very fast !!!
In no way, I repeat IN NO WAY, should our landing troops be engaged into a fight while landing : better having dry feet a bit far away from the objective than being caught by some british battleship squadron !
As soon as the troops have landed, commanders of each task-force have been ordered to sail to the nearest port. It's just a matter of time before we can get effective control over both Kattegat and Skaggerak Areas and so we can bring reinforcements in Norway but until then, our troops over there will be on their own.
We're going to engage the totality of our naval assets but we can't dispute the sea supremacy of the Allies. Our naval aviation will be of a great help but if a shooting contest ever occurs, the Kriegsmarine would have had a short but exalting life...
However, we're going to do our best to cover the whole operation.
1. and
5. U-Flottillen will leave
Bremerhaven on the 7th : they'll reach patrol zones where they'll be able to cover the western approaches. The
"HochSeeFlotte" will do the same on the 9th.
Both
"FliegerFührer",
Nord- and
OstSee, are on stand-by, ready to attack any sighted enemy ship. Any questions ?
- How long will it take to complete "Weserübung" ?
- mein Führer, it's hard to say. If we're lucky, everything could be over within a week.
If not...?
- I feel confident everything will be fine. Meine Herren, Sie dürfen wegtretten..."
ErsatzsArmee Hauptquartier, Leipzig - 1940, April the 2nd - 0830
Meeting between General Fromm, Befehlshaber der ErsatzsArmee and General von Oven, General Inspekteur der ErsatzsInfanterie.
- "Mein lieber von Oven, we've got a problem..."
- Which of ones, Herr General. I thought we only had problems.
- Men, mein lieber von Oven, simply men...
Mobilization waves 11 to 15 have been called and now, our "drawer" is fast empty.
- There might be a solution, Herr General.
- Which one ?
- What about recruiting foreigners ? There's plentiful of people of german origin abroad, not counting the citizens of the former Czechoslovakia, Poland...
Why not recruiting them ? Why not calling up for volunteers, regardless of their country ?
- Well... The Waffen-SS is already doing it. So why not us...
I'll have to check the legal aspect of all with the OKW that but yes, a good idea...
OKM Hauptquartier, Berlin - 1940, April the 4th - 0900
Meeting between GroßAdmiral Raeder, CinC Navy (OberBefehlsHaber der Marine) and KonterAdmiral Dönitz, Führer der U-Boote.
- "Are you in a better mood today, KonterAdmiral Dönitz ?
Because, I'm not !!!
- What happened, Admiral ?
- Not only we're on the verge of the most crucial operation of the Kriegsmarine, but since you've withdrew your U-boats, the Royal navy concentrated all its means to chase our raiders.
HSK 'Orion' last fight...
2 days ago, the
HSK 1 'Orion', operating near
Singapore has been intercepted by a british SAG and sunk. The british newspapers confirmed it and apparently it was the same Surface Action group which already sunk the
HSK 2 'Atlantis'.
HSK 5 'Pinguin' just entered commission and I'm afraid I'll be forced to deploy her over there since we don't have any ships anymore in this part of the world. From all our HSKs, only the
HSK 3 'Widder' remains...
Panzerschiff 'Admiral Graf Spee' burning and sinking...
And yesterday, another disaster : the Panzerschiff
'Admiral Graf Spee' met a combined british-french carrier task force. She survided the engagement badly damaged but was torpedoed and sunk by their aircraft just before she could reach the safety of
Lisboa.
- I'm sorry for Kapitän
Langsdorf but, Admiral, did you seriously expect he could have done something against the mighty allies navies ? He and his men died for nothing too...
Anyway... We just received the new boats for the
6. U-Flottille : it will take a month before I can deploy it but in the meantime, the
2. and
7. U-Flottillen are ready. I'll send them respectively
off Portugal and in the
Gulf of Biscay. It will keep the Allies busy while we launch "Weserübung"...