Victory in France (9 August – 1 September)
Following the fall of Calais, numerous infantry divisions arrived in the Pas de Calais. They were moved forward to take up position for the next assault, the attack on Boulogne, while the panzer divisions were to act as a distraction and contain the remaining Allied beachhead. Boulogne would be seized, cutting off access to the sea for the Allied troops, and then a final attack would be launched on St. Omer to finally destroy the Allied incursion.
As daylight broke across northern France on 9 August, St. Omer was once again subjected to heavy artillery bombardment and once more the panzergrenadiers attacked fighting over foxholes they had captured in the previous attack, but had been forced to relinquish. The diversionary attack was going well, but diverted no attention. At midday, the main assault struck Boulogne after a minor artillery barrage. It soon became apparent that Boulogne was the bastion of the Allied beachhead, and the attack made little impression upon the Anglo-Canadian defenders.
Artillery fires in support of the fighting.
The defenses of St. Omer, already weakened from the previous attack, were more exposed and the diversionary attack was making much progress. Thus, on 13 August, the main assault was scaled back and more troops were fed into the battle with the US infantry and marines. After two days of fighting, and under attack from three sides, the American infantry withdrew to the Anglo-Canadians lines. Documents captured from the American positions revealed that this Allied landing was codenamed Operation Roundup and was part of a much larger operation dubbed Overlord, of which there was little information.
As the fighting for St. Omer was taking place, large scale partisan actions broke out all across France. The activities of the Maquis resulted in little actual combat, but did divert resources at a crucial time. Over the coming weeks over 45,000 Frenchmen were arrested by Volksgrenadier divisions attempting to secure the rear area. The more active than normal activity from the Maquis appeared to be in connection with the Allied landing.
On 22 August, the final attack on the Allied position commenced. As it did, reports flooded OB West and then OKW from the 444.Sicherungs-Division. A major Allied landing was underway at Le Havre. The 444th were given instructions to hold their positions, and all available panzer and mobile infantry divisions were ordered to seal off the area and prepare to counterattack the landing.
By 25 August, five Canadian divisions had landed at Le Havre pushing back the 444th division. They were undertaking what would later be found out to be called Operation Rutter. Again, this was part of the larger Overlord plan. This plan, it had now become clear, was a massive coalition attack on Europe at various points and involved an attempt to get the French to rise up in support of the landings.
The allied landings.
Since our forces had already moved into position, as the Canadians were forcing their way ashore, an immediate counterattack was launched by six mobile divisions. Our attack cut into the Canadian line like a knife through butter, due to the Canadians being lax in establishing defenses and lacking cohesion following their landing. Heavy naval gunfire, from destroyers to battleships, impeded the attack and gave the Canadians a lifeline. The naval bombardment was only able to do so much and after five days of fighting, the Canadian force surrendered. Just under 60,000 men walked into captivity. Meanwhile at Boulogne, the American-British-Canadian defense finally came to an end on 1 September after a gallant stand, resulting in 200,000 prisoners being taken.