The purpose of this AAR is to try to describe a history of the world as envisioned by the A.I. of Paradox's grand strategy titles. For that reason, I will be a playing a number of obscure nations, changing every so often, to minimize the impact of my behavior. I anticipate this to be relatively easy with Victoria 2 because (at least for someone as inept at the game as me), it's pretty hard to have much impact when you're playing small primitive nations.
As the title suggests, this is the third AAR in a series that began as a CK2 game, was converted into an EU3 game, and has now been converted (using Idhrendur's converter mod and some hand editing) to a Victoria 2 game. The hand editing was used to modify the prestige to get a more reasonable initial great powers list and to adjust the populations to better reflect the EU3 population patterns. To those of you who have been following along: welcome back. New readers may wish to refer back to the previous AAR's, for which a table of contents can be found here
Table of Contents:
1. The Long Peace, 1821-1836
2, Colonial Wars, 1836-1840
3. War in the East, 1836-1841
4. War in Northern Europe, 1836-1840
5. War and Revolution in Western Europe, 1836-1843
6. Thoroughly Modern Mali, 1836-1840
7. Byzantium, 1836-1843
8. Intellectual, Technological and Social Developments, 1836-1843
9. East Asia, 1844-1850
10. Western Europe 1841-1846
11. Eastern Europe 1844-1853
12. Southern Asia and Oceania 1844-1863
13. North America, 1841-1861
14. Western Europe, 1846-1861
15. South America, 1855-1865
16. Mali, 1849-1861
17. Eastern Europe, 1852-1866
18. Intellectual, Technological and Social Developments, 1844-1867
19. South Asia, 1863-1876
20. The Nordic Decline, 1866-1876
21. Eastern Europe, 1869-1876
22. The Scramble for Africa, 1870-1877
23. Western Europe, 1869-1887
24. Asia, 1867-1889
25. Technological, Social and Intellectual Developments, 1867-1890
26. Global Update, 1890
27. The Wars for Foix, 1886-1892
28. The Pan-Asian Wars, 1892-1903
29. Byzantium, 1894-1906
30. The Scandinavian Civil War, 1872-1903
31. A Troubled Time, 1890-1910
32. The Great War, 1910-1913
33. Technological, Intellectual and Social Developments, 1890-1913
34. Post-Great War Global Update, January 5, 1913
35. The Great War's Aftermath in Western Europe, 1913-1916
36. Technological, Intellectual and Social Developments, 1890-1913
37. 1913 Global Update
38. The Great War's Aftermath in Western Europe, 1913-1916.
39. The Great War's Aftermath in Eastern Europe, 1914-1918
40. Western Europe and the Americas, 1918-1922.
41. The American Civil War, 1895-1922.
42. The Formation of Germany, 1920-1925
43. An Age of Revolution, 1912-1930.
44. Asia, 1913-1932.
45. The British Isles, 1923-1927.
46. The Second Great War, 1931-1934.
47. Africa, 1916-1935.
48. Technological, Intellectual and Social Developments, 1913-1935
49. Epilogue.
Since this world has evolved along slightly different lines than ours, this is an unconventional Victoria 2 start position. Therefore, I will begin by introducing the world as it stands on January 1, 1836, at the end of the Long Peace. Here is the big picture:
The World in 1836:
We will begin with a more detailed view of Europe and a summary of some salient data on the most notable nations within it:
Europe in 1836
HUNGARY
Status: Great Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Conservative, Favors Order
Allies: Austria, Denmark, Liege, Ryazan, Sibir
Sphere: Achaea, Danzig, Ryazan, Kazan, Silesia
Provinces: 128
Total Population: 50.65 million
Workers: 55% Farmers, 23% Laborers, 10% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 1% Soldiers, 1% Clergyman, 1% Aristocrats, 5% Other
Leadership:20
Brigades: 37
Ships: 27
Technologies: 12
Factories: 0
Literacy: 42%
Taking advantage of every opportunity to expand from its base of power in the Pannonian Basin, Hungary is now the most populous nation in Europe. The collapse of the Golden Horde in the 14th century, the Swedish occupation of Poland and its consequent civil war and disintegration, and the decay of the Byzantine Empire were all doors through which Hungary walked. Although somewhat backward compared to most of the other great powers, Hungary’s huge work force and resources make it a power to be reckoned with.
NORWAY
Status: Great Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Reactioanry, Favors Order
Allies: Etruria, Ryazan
Sphere: Colombia, Gotland, Louisiana, Novgorod, Quebec, USCA
Provinces: 87
Total Population: 13.92 million
Workers: 56% Laborers, 28% Farmers, 4% Slaves, 3% Artisans, 3% Soldiers, 2% Aristocrats, 1% Clergyman, 3% Other
Leadership: 37
Brigades: 53
Ships: 30
Technologies: 22
Factories: 0
Literacy: 35%
Ever since Olaf III crossed the Kjolen into Lapland, Norway has focused on expansion through the taiga of northeastern Europe. Sweeping eastward following the collapse of the Golden Horde in the 14th century, Norway continued to press eastward into Central Asia in the following centuries. Its efforts in North American colonization were not notably successful, but its status as the last ruler of the Holy Roman Empire ensured it a place among Europe’s leading powers.
ENGLAND
Status: Great Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Liberal, Favors Order
Allies: Tyrone, Castille
Sphere: Tyrone
Puppets: Tyrone
Provinces: 135
Population: 20.19 million
Workers: 54% Farmers, 32% Laborers, 8% Artisans, 2% Aristocrats, 3% Other
Leadership: 17
Brigades: 20
Ships: 110
Technologies: 22
Factories: 0
Literacy: 41%
The modern Kingdom of England dates back to 1443 when the English nobility chose Duke Guillaume of Anjou as their next King upon the death of King Richard II of France and England. This resulted in its separation from France and the two diverged further as England remained Catholic while France became protestant during the reformation. England spent the following centuries establishing colonies in the southern hemisphere and asserting its dominance in the British Isles, finally breaking the back of its rival Leinster in the early 19th century.
FRANKFURT
Status: Great Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Liberal, Favors Order
Allies: France, Denmark, Greece, Saxe-Lauenberg, Liege
Sphere: Augsburg, Baden, Bavaria, Gelre
Provinces: 70
Population: 24.05 million
Workers: 40% Laborers, 36% Farmers, 11% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 2% Soldiers, 2% Aristocrats, 1% Clergyman, 4% Other
Leadership: 31
Brigades: 73
Ships: 6
Technologies: 28
Factories: 7
Literacy: 46%
The Kingdom of Frankfurt has prospered since the Dukes of Franconia broke free of the Holy Roman Empire in the mid-13th century. It gradually asserted its dominance over central Europe as no Holy Roman Emperor—not Bohemia, not Sibir, and not Norway—was able to stop its inexorable expansion. The most technologically advanced of the great powers, it stands on the brink of an industrial revolution.
ETRURIA
Status: Great Power, Presidential Dictatorship
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Allies: Norway, Berry
Provinces: 131
Population: 23.55 million
Workers: 75% Farmers, 12% Laborers, 7% Artisans, 2% Soldiers, 1% Clergyman, 3% Other
Leadership: 14
Brigades: 39
Ships: 112
Technologies: 21
Factories: 0
Literacy: 45%
From its origins as the Republic of Pisa, Etruria came to dominate Italy after crushing its rival Genoa in the late 15th century. Concerned that the discovery of the new world would reduce the importance of Mediterranean trade, it has focused its attention on colonization of the Americas over the past two centuries, where it has become the leading colonial power.
DENMARK
Status: Great Power, Presidential Dictatorship
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Allies: France, Frankfurt, Hungary
Provinces: 100
Population: 16.31 million
Workers: 74% Farmers, 14% Laborers, 7% Artisans, 1% Soldiers, 1% Clergyman, 3% Other
Leadership: 23
Brigades: 27
Ships: 119
Factories: 0
Literacy: 36%
Technologies: 22
Denmark was permanently transformed by King Rurik’s victory in the Andalusian crusade of the early 13th century, which granted it extensive possessions in Iberia. Long a major player on the European scene, it faced economic difficulties in the 18th century, resulting in a collapse into revolutionary violence. It lost most of its North African and South American possessions and its monarchy was overthrown, but it still has colonial possessions especially in southern Africa.
AUSTRIA
Status: Great Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Conservative, Favors Order
Allies: USA, Hungary, Navarra
Provinces: 52
Population: 12.42 million
Workers: 63% Farmers, 19% Laborers, 10% Artisans, 3% Soldiers, 2% Aristocrats, 1% Clergyman, 2% Other
Leadership: 31
Regiments: 30
Ships: 48
Technologies: 22
Factories: 0
Literacy: 45%
The Dukes of Carinthia were one of the most powerful families in the Holy Roman Empire during the middle ages. Though it remained nominally part of the empire, relations were strained after it became protestant. Austria has become a secondary colonial power, leveraging the decades of its personal union with Navarra to gain possessions in Africa and the Caribbean.
BYZANTINE EMPIRE
Status: Great Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Conservative, Favors Order
Allies: Egypt, Funj, Chagatai, Trebizond
Puppets: Egypt, Funj, Chagatai, Trebizond
Sphere: Egypt, Funj, Qasim Khanate, Trebizond
Provinces: 153
Population: 28.83 million
Workers: 64% Farmers, 18% Laborers, 6% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 2% Aristocrats, 1% Clergyman, 4% Other
Leadership: 64
Regiments: 16
Ships: 1
Technologies: 7
Factories: 0
Literacy: 50%
After a long period of decline, the remnant of the old Roman Empire was dramatically revitalized in the 13th century, following the collapse of the Fatimid Caliphate. By the mid-17th century, it had restored Alexander the Great’s Empire and then some, its lands pressing far into Central Asia and deep into Africa. But the centuries of warfare led to economic problems and technological stagnation, leading it to be repeatedly smashed by the invasions of Austria and Hungary over the past century and a half. Stll, the ‘sick man of Europe’ remains a great power by virtue of its sheer critical mass.
BERRY
Status: Secondary Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Allies: Bohemia, Normandy, Etruria
Provinces: 113
Population: 14.88 million
Workers: 64% Farmers, 19% Laborers, 5% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 2% Aristocrats, 1% Soldiers, 5% Other
Leadership: 21
Regiments: 27
Ships: 51
Technologies: 21
Factories: 0
Literacy: 37%
The Occitain-speaking Kingdom of Berry was the largest piece that emerged from the collapse of France in the 15th century. It has become one of the leading colonial powers.
AQUILEIA
Status: Secondary Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Provinces: 12
Population: 5.15 million
Workers: 43% Famers, 30% Laborers, 12% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 4% Soldiers, 2% Aristocrats, 5% Other
Leadership: 25
Brigades: 16
Ships: 12
Factories: 0
Literacy: 30%
Technologies: 25
Known as the Kingdom of Burgundy in medieval times, it became Aquileia following the Papal Pronouncement in 1453. Pursuing a careful policy of neutrality through the past few centuries, it has enjoyed peace and prosperity.
SARDINIA
Status: Secondary Power, Presidential Dictatorship
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Provinces: 3
Population: 1.13 million
Workers: 46% Laborers, 22% Farmers, 13% Artisans, 7% Soldiers, 4% Slaves, 3% Aristocrats, 1% Bureaucrats, 4% Other
Leadership: 53
Brigades: 4
Ships: 11
Technologies: 37
Factories: 3
Literacy: 52%
Forcibly carved out of the Republic of Genoa by Etruria in the 15th century, Sardinia became a leading trading nation. It leveraged its wealth to attract the world’s most enlightened thinkers and has a record of technological progress and invention that is the envy of the world.
FRANCE
Status: Secondary Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Allies: Denmark, Frankfurt, Venice
Provinces: 49
Population: 8.10 million
Workers: 62% Farmers, 17% Laborers, 9% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 2% Soldiers, 2% Aristocrats, 4% Other
Leadership: 54
Regiments: 18
Ships: 23
Technologies: 22
Factories: 0
Literacy: 34%
France dominated western Europe in the 14th and 15th centuries but was riven by religious violence during the Reformation. The much-reduced kingdom that emerged from the ashes has been overshadowed by its rival Berry both in Europe and in the Americas.
NIZHNY NOVGOROD
Status: Secondary Power, Prussian Constitutionalism
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Allies: Sweden, Danzig
Provinces: 6
Population: 3.93 million
Workers: 47% Farmers, 25% Laborers, 14% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 3% Soldiers, 3% Aristocrats, 4% Other
Leadership: 40
Regiments: 8
Ships: 0
Technologies: 28
Factories: 0
Literacy: 27%
Nizhny Novgorod was one of the most important member states of the Holy Roman Empire. It traces its origins to the von Rheinfelden invasion of the Golden Horde in the 14th century.
As the title suggests, this is the third AAR in a series that began as a CK2 game, was converted into an EU3 game, and has now been converted (using Idhrendur's converter mod and some hand editing) to a Victoria 2 game. The hand editing was used to modify the prestige to get a more reasonable initial great powers list and to adjust the populations to better reflect the EU3 population patterns. To those of you who have been following along: welcome back. New readers may wish to refer back to the previous AAR's, for which a table of contents can be found here
Table of Contents:
1. The Long Peace, 1821-1836
2, Colonial Wars, 1836-1840
3. War in the East, 1836-1841
4. War in Northern Europe, 1836-1840
5. War and Revolution in Western Europe, 1836-1843
6. Thoroughly Modern Mali, 1836-1840
7. Byzantium, 1836-1843
8. Intellectual, Technological and Social Developments, 1836-1843
9. East Asia, 1844-1850
10. Western Europe 1841-1846
11. Eastern Europe 1844-1853
12. Southern Asia and Oceania 1844-1863
13. North America, 1841-1861
14. Western Europe, 1846-1861
15. South America, 1855-1865
16. Mali, 1849-1861
17. Eastern Europe, 1852-1866
18. Intellectual, Technological and Social Developments, 1844-1867
19. South Asia, 1863-1876
20. The Nordic Decline, 1866-1876
21. Eastern Europe, 1869-1876
22. The Scramble for Africa, 1870-1877
23. Western Europe, 1869-1887
24. Asia, 1867-1889
25. Technological, Social and Intellectual Developments, 1867-1890
26. Global Update, 1890
27. The Wars for Foix, 1886-1892
28. The Pan-Asian Wars, 1892-1903
29. Byzantium, 1894-1906
30. The Scandinavian Civil War, 1872-1903
31. A Troubled Time, 1890-1910
32. The Great War, 1910-1913
33. Technological, Intellectual and Social Developments, 1890-1913
34. Post-Great War Global Update, January 5, 1913
35. The Great War's Aftermath in Western Europe, 1913-1916
36. Technological, Intellectual and Social Developments, 1890-1913
37. 1913 Global Update
38. The Great War's Aftermath in Western Europe, 1913-1916.
39. The Great War's Aftermath in Eastern Europe, 1914-1918
40. Western Europe and the Americas, 1918-1922.
41. The American Civil War, 1895-1922.
42. The Formation of Germany, 1920-1925
43. An Age of Revolution, 1912-1930.
44. Asia, 1913-1932.
45. The British Isles, 1923-1927.
46. The Second Great War, 1931-1934.
47. Africa, 1916-1935.
48. Technological, Intellectual and Social Developments, 1913-1935
49. Epilogue.
Since this world has evolved along slightly different lines than ours, this is an unconventional Victoria 2 start position. Therefore, I will begin by introducing the world as it stands on January 1, 1836, at the end of the Long Peace. Here is the big picture:
The World in 1836:
We will begin with a more detailed view of Europe and a summary of some salient data on the most notable nations within it:
Europe in 1836
HUNGARY
Status: Great Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Conservative, Favors Order
Allies: Austria, Denmark, Liege, Ryazan, Sibir
Sphere: Achaea, Danzig, Ryazan, Kazan, Silesia
Provinces: 128
Total Population: 50.65 million
Workers: 55% Farmers, 23% Laborers, 10% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 1% Soldiers, 1% Clergyman, 1% Aristocrats, 5% Other
Leadership:20
Brigades: 37
Ships: 27
Technologies: 12
Factories: 0
Literacy: 42%
Taking advantage of every opportunity to expand from its base of power in the Pannonian Basin, Hungary is now the most populous nation in Europe. The collapse of the Golden Horde in the 14th century, the Swedish occupation of Poland and its consequent civil war and disintegration, and the decay of the Byzantine Empire were all doors through which Hungary walked. Although somewhat backward compared to most of the other great powers, Hungary’s huge work force and resources make it a power to be reckoned with.
NORWAY
Status: Great Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Reactioanry, Favors Order
Allies: Etruria, Ryazan
Sphere: Colombia, Gotland, Louisiana, Novgorod, Quebec, USCA
Provinces: 87
Total Population: 13.92 million
Workers: 56% Laborers, 28% Farmers, 4% Slaves, 3% Artisans, 3% Soldiers, 2% Aristocrats, 1% Clergyman, 3% Other
Leadership: 37
Brigades: 53
Ships: 30
Technologies: 22
Factories: 0
Literacy: 35%
Ever since Olaf III crossed the Kjolen into Lapland, Norway has focused on expansion through the taiga of northeastern Europe. Sweeping eastward following the collapse of the Golden Horde in the 14th century, Norway continued to press eastward into Central Asia in the following centuries. Its efforts in North American colonization were not notably successful, but its status as the last ruler of the Holy Roman Empire ensured it a place among Europe’s leading powers.
ENGLAND
Status: Great Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Liberal, Favors Order
Allies: Tyrone, Castille
Sphere: Tyrone
Puppets: Tyrone
Provinces: 135
Population: 20.19 million
Workers: 54% Farmers, 32% Laborers, 8% Artisans, 2% Aristocrats, 3% Other
Leadership: 17
Brigades: 20
Ships: 110
Technologies: 22
Factories: 0
Literacy: 41%
The modern Kingdom of England dates back to 1443 when the English nobility chose Duke Guillaume of Anjou as their next King upon the death of King Richard II of France and England. This resulted in its separation from France and the two diverged further as England remained Catholic while France became protestant during the reformation. England spent the following centuries establishing colonies in the southern hemisphere and asserting its dominance in the British Isles, finally breaking the back of its rival Leinster in the early 19th century.
FRANKFURT
Status: Great Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Liberal, Favors Order
Allies: France, Denmark, Greece, Saxe-Lauenberg, Liege
Sphere: Augsburg, Baden, Bavaria, Gelre
Provinces: 70
Population: 24.05 million
Workers: 40% Laborers, 36% Farmers, 11% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 2% Soldiers, 2% Aristocrats, 1% Clergyman, 4% Other
Leadership: 31
Brigades: 73
Ships: 6
Technologies: 28
Factories: 7
Literacy: 46%
The Kingdom of Frankfurt has prospered since the Dukes of Franconia broke free of the Holy Roman Empire in the mid-13th century. It gradually asserted its dominance over central Europe as no Holy Roman Emperor—not Bohemia, not Sibir, and not Norway—was able to stop its inexorable expansion. The most technologically advanced of the great powers, it stands on the brink of an industrial revolution.
ETRURIA
Status: Great Power, Presidential Dictatorship
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Allies: Norway, Berry
Provinces: 131
Population: 23.55 million
Workers: 75% Farmers, 12% Laborers, 7% Artisans, 2% Soldiers, 1% Clergyman, 3% Other
Leadership: 14
Brigades: 39
Ships: 112
Technologies: 21
Factories: 0
Literacy: 45%
From its origins as the Republic of Pisa, Etruria came to dominate Italy after crushing its rival Genoa in the late 15th century. Concerned that the discovery of the new world would reduce the importance of Mediterranean trade, it has focused its attention on colonization of the Americas over the past two centuries, where it has become the leading colonial power.
DENMARK
Status: Great Power, Presidential Dictatorship
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Allies: France, Frankfurt, Hungary
Provinces: 100
Population: 16.31 million
Workers: 74% Farmers, 14% Laborers, 7% Artisans, 1% Soldiers, 1% Clergyman, 3% Other
Leadership: 23
Brigades: 27
Ships: 119
Factories: 0
Literacy: 36%
Technologies: 22
Denmark was permanently transformed by King Rurik’s victory in the Andalusian crusade of the early 13th century, which granted it extensive possessions in Iberia. Long a major player on the European scene, it faced economic difficulties in the 18th century, resulting in a collapse into revolutionary violence. It lost most of its North African and South American possessions and its monarchy was overthrown, but it still has colonial possessions especially in southern Africa.
AUSTRIA
Status: Great Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Conservative, Favors Order
Allies: USA, Hungary, Navarra
Provinces: 52
Population: 12.42 million
Workers: 63% Farmers, 19% Laborers, 10% Artisans, 3% Soldiers, 2% Aristocrats, 1% Clergyman, 2% Other
Leadership: 31
Regiments: 30
Ships: 48
Technologies: 22
Factories: 0
Literacy: 45%
The Dukes of Carinthia were one of the most powerful families in the Holy Roman Empire during the middle ages. Though it remained nominally part of the empire, relations were strained after it became protestant. Austria has become a secondary colonial power, leveraging the decades of its personal union with Navarra to gain possessions in Africa and the Caribbean.
BYZANTINE EMPIRE
Status: Great Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Conservative, Favors Order
Allies: Egypt, Funj, Chagatai, Trebizond
Puppets: Egypt, Funj, Chagatai, Trebizond
Sphere: Egypt, Funj, Qasim Khanate, Trebizond
Provinces: 153
Population: 28.83 million
Workers: 64% Farmers, 18% Laborers, 6% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 2% Aristocrats, 1% Clergyman, 4% Other
Leadership: 64
Regiments: 16
Ships: 1
Technologies: 7
Factories: 0
Literacy: 50%
After a long period of decline, the remnant of the old Roman Empire was dramatically revitalized in the 13th century, following the collapse of the Fatimid Caliphate. By the mid-17th century, it had restored Alexander the Great’s Empire and then some, its lands pressing far into Central Asia and deep into Africa. But the centuries of warfare led to economic problems and technological stagnation, leading it to be repeatedly smashed by the invasions of Austria and Hungary over the past century and a half. Stll, the ‘sick man of Europe’ remains a great power by virtue of its sheer critical mass.
BERRY
Status: Secondary Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Allies: Bohemia, Normandy, Etruria
Provinces: 113
Population: 14.88 million
Workers: 64% Farmers, 19% Laborers, 5% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 2% Aristocrats, 1% Soldiers, 5% Other
Leadership: 21
Regiments: 27
Ships: 51
Technologies: 21
Factories: 0
Literacy: 37%
The Occitain-speaking Kingdom of Berry was the largest piece that emerged from the collapse of France in the 15th century. It has become one of the leading colonial powers.
AQUILEIA
Status: Secondary Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Provinces: 12
Population: 5.15 million
Workers: 43% Famers, 30% Laborers, 12% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 4% Soldiers, 2% Aristocrats, 5% Other
Leadership: 25
Brigades: 16
Ships: 12
Factories: 0
Literacy: 30%
Technologies: 25
Known as the Kingdom of Burgundy in medieval times, it became Aquileia following the Papal Pronouncement in 1453. Pursuing a careful policy of neutrality through the past few centuries, it has enjoyed peace and prosperity.
SARDINIA
Status: Secondary Power, Presidential Dictatorship
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Provinces: 3
Population: 1.13 million
Workers: 46% Laborers, 22% Farmers, 13% Artisans, 7% Soldiers, 4% Slaves, 3% Aristocrats, 1% Bureaucrats, 4% Other
Leadership: 53
Brigades: 4
Ships: 11
Technologies: 37
Factories: 3
Literacy: 52%
Forcibly carved out of the Republic of Genoa by Etruria in the 15th century, Sardinia became a leading trading nation. It leveraged its wealth to attract the world’s most enlightened thinkers and has a record of technological progress and invention that is the envy of the world.
FRANCE
Status: Secondary Power, Absolute Monarchy
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Allies: Denmark, Frankfurt, Venice
Provinces: 49
Population: 8.10 million
Workers: 62% Farmers, 17% Laborers, 9% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 2% Soldiers, 2% Aristocrats, 4% Other
Leadership: 54
Regiments: 18
Ships: 23
Technologies: 22
Factories: 0
Literacy: 34%
France dominated western Europe in the 14th and 15th centuries but was riven by religious violence during the Reformation. The much-reduced kingdom that emerged from the ashes has been overshadowed by its rival Berry both in Europe and in the Americas.
NIZHNY NOVGOROD
Status: Secondary Power, Prussian Constitutionalism
Rule: Reactionary, Favors Order
Allies: Sweden, Danzig
Provinces: 6
Population: 3.93 million
Workers: 47% Farmers, 25% Laborers, 14% Artisans, 4% Slaves, 3% Soldiers, 3% Aristocrats, 4% Other
Leadership: 40
Regiments: 8
Ships: 0
Technologies: 28
Factories: 0
Literacy: 27%
Nizhny Novgorod was one of the most important member states of the Holy Roman Empire. It traces its origins to the von Rheinfelden invasion of the Golden Horde in the 14th century.
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