The Economist
News Highlights from Around the World, 1844 Edition
Leaders
Europe
All across Europe, there were murmurs of discontent among the populace. People began demanding greater rights and more say in how they would be governed. The question however remains how this will play out...
In the House of Commons, debate raged over the Civil Rights Bill. The bill would only be passed in late 1844. It would extend greater rights to various peoples of the empire.
[-80,000 £, +1 Stability, +50 Prestige]
Domestically, the French government work heavily to improve the both the nation's industry and the quality of the nation's army. On both these counts, the nation was quite successful. The push for industrialization spread across France and the nation's industrial capacity was greatly increased. Additionally, the French were able to further develop new type of infantry weapon, a breach loading rifle.
[-90,000 ₣ , +1 Army Level in 2 turns, +8 Industry in 2 turns]
King Friedrich Wilhelm issued a call for naval doctrine to be overhauled, and in 1844 the Prussian Admiralty responded vigorously. Several attempts were made to contact the British for advice, to which the Prussians received no reply. Baron Alexander of Brennenburg, in East Prussia, stepped up as a man to lead the Prussian Naval Programme. The Admiralty accepted this and gave him carte blanche when it came to invigorating naval professionalism. Unfortunately, many sailors disappeared from the Prussian Fleet, never to be heard from again. In late 1844 the problem became increasingly severe, and the Prussian Fleet faced a severe manpower shortage. The Baron was nowhere to be found when questions were raised about the missing men…
[-1 Stability, -11,000 ℳ]
The Prussian Fleet, despite being short on men, was able to put out a contract for several new warships. Construction was partly financed by private companies, who were glad to aid their government against foreign threats, especially those of the ‘grenouille’-munching variety.
[-13,500 ℳ, +12 Large Ships and 20 Small Ships in 2 turn(s)]
The Prussian Army, not to be upstaged by the navy’s antics, put out calls for more men to join the regular army. However, in praising the Freibrigaden as a method of nationalist pride, they inadvertently funneled new recruits into that irregular body. Thus, the Prussian Army footed the bill while the Free Brigades received the new men, and quite a few private donations.
[-10,500 ℳ, Freibrigaden have increased strength]
Prussian Army engineers began expanding defensive works in Saarbrucken, and ground was broken on massive fortresses in early 1844. The construction proceeded smoothly, while French soliders encamped across the border watched in awe, as new works sprung up, snaking along Prussia’s border.
[-15,000 ℳ, 1/3 Progress on Defenses in Saar]
In Alsace-Lorraine, the Prussian Army, ready and across the border, wait with wonderment of what the French Army is doing across the border. Fortifications are built, and some stations were manned with Soldiers. On a quiet, peaceful Sunday afternoon, the Prussian Border Guards heard an explosion in the distance, thinking it was nothing more than the French Army fortifying for an attack they'd never commit, but a cannon shell blasts through the outpost, instantly killing the guards in the station. A general call goes out, and the Prussian Army swung into action, manning the guns, mobilizing the soldiers, and standing at the ready, waiting for the French to invade.
The Kingdom of Prussia, in agreement with several other countries, soldiers are sent down the Main-Danube Canal, to the Black Sea. Here, they are linked up and were readied to be sent onward to North Africa, unfortunately logistical problems securing a large enough fleet to transport the force would delay this move until the following year. [Prussian soldiers in Varna until 1845]
The Russian Empire made great strides in the creation of professional officer corps in 1844. In St. Petersburg and Moscow new Army and Naval Academies were constructed to train prospective officers, this training would prove instrumental in making the Russian Army one of the best commanded armies in Europe.
[-18,000 руб, +1 Army Level in 3 turns]
The Russian diplomatic corps was extremely busy during the year of 1844. In the East, they traveled to the court of the Qing and negotiated a treaty granting Russia the Amur river basin and access to a suitable site to build a port on the Pacific Ocean. Meanwhile to the South, in the Treaty of Iasi, the Russian Empire gained control over Moldavia.
[-10,000 Gold to Russia, +10,000 Gold to the Ottoman Empire]
The Russians were eager to exert themselves in the Italian Exposition and spent lavishly on their nation's exhibit. Of particular note were several examples of the production of Russian industry. [-25,000 руб, +20 Prestige]
Austrian investments into agriculture begin paying dividends, as new plows and crop harvesting methods are brought to the recently emancipated serfs. The serfs can now enjoy a greater yield each harvest, though the large estates are still swallowing countless freemen and paying them low wages, due to land shortages.
[-30,000 Ausƒ, +600 Base Income in 1 turn(s]
Chancellor Metternich decided to forge ahead on the constitution, despite grumblings of the conservative and reactionary elite of Austria, to which he himself was a member. To deal with this, the constitution proposed would give extensive power to the Emperor, while limiting the Diet’s influence on foreign and military matters. Many of the liberals were unsatisfied with such a scheme, and the members of the Diet, many of whom did not speak German, boycotted the proposal. Instead, the declared that Austria was to become a symbolic monarchy, and had Metternich arrested. The Austrian Imperial Guard quickly freed the Chancellor and put the entire Diet on lockdown. Most of the Diet’s non-German members escaped, and the Hungarians were particularly furious about the proposed constitutions power granted to the central government in Wien.
[-2 Stability from Austria, Diet dissolved, Hungarians Furious]
Industrial investments focused on employing large numbers of migrants from the countryside outside of the cities. In Prague and Budapest in particular, glass and cement factories as well as textile mills sprung up, capitalizing on cheap labour and government grants. The programme began to bring wealth to the great slums outside of those cities. Efforts in Wien were less successful.
[-40,000 Aus ƒ, +3 Industry to Austria in 2 turn(s)]
The Austrian delegation to Turin was able to flaunt numerous advances in the field of agriculture and constitutional plans. They were not able to make any meaningful advances in naval technology, due to the lack of detailed documentation required for such a breakthrough to be made.
[-4,000 Ausƒ, +20 prestige]
Efforts by the Dutch government to invest in rail lines around the country are stymied by railroad frauds, who take government money and escape to safe havens abroad.
[-85,000 ƒ]
The Dutch government sent out random inspection teams to factories in Amsterdam, and were shocked by what they found. Child workers, labouring in filthy and dangerous conditions, were the backbone of the Dutch workforce. The reports were publicised and a strong movement in the Netherlands’ newly inaugurated Parliament has arisen, calling for child working laws as well as possible workplace safety regulation.
[-1 Stability, Reform Desire: Child Labour]
The Dutch navy spent lavishly on updating their ships, and so in 1844 it paid dividends, resulting in new types of cannon that fired faster, further and more accurately.
[-250,000 ƒ, +2 Navy Levels in 2 turn(s)]
A Dutch colonial expedition to the East Indies sank with all hands lost in the Indian Ocean. No trace of the ships or their contents could be found.
The Bavarian Army reinforced back to a standing strength of 60,000 regulars in 1844, men eagerly enlisted after their success at the battle of Neumunster.
[-5,000 Bavƒ, +19,000 regulars in 1 turn]
The Bavarian Military was unable to organize itself effectively, a power struggle in the War Office led to bickering amongst the generals as to who should receive command of the proposed 3 armies.
[-1 Stability, Army disorganized]
The Government of Bavaria funded private industry in Augsburg, Munich, Nurnberg and Furth, but it turned to be for naught. The factories were insolvent from their opening, and all had to close within the year.
[-33,000 Bavƒ]
Bavaria’s construction of the Walhalla progressed smoothly, much was invested in marble from Italy to construct the elaborate hallways, arches and columns that made the Walhalla so iconic. It is thought that the huge endeavour will be finished in 1845, should all things move at the current pace.
[-45,000 Bavƒ, 2/3 Progress on Walhalla, +45 Prestige]
The Danes began a new shipbuilding programme, and Danish private citizens, after Denmark’s victory against the Swedes, eagerly donated money to the crown in order to aid the financing of the project.
[-30,000 Dkr, +5 Large Ships, +10 Small Ships in 2 turn(s)]
The Danish Constitution was finally finished in 1844, resulting in serious celebrations in the Copenhagen. King Frederick partook in the merriment, as did his son and heir, Christian, and all the country was jubilant. In the southern duchies however, questions were raised about whether the constitution would take effect there. Danes in Schleswig, and a few Germans, openly clamoured for the imposition of the constitution in the personal-union duchies, while many Germans openly frowned on such a move…
[-55,000 Dkr, Danish constitution complete, Schleswig-Holstein Question raised]
Denmark’s military successfully demobilized, the men returned to their fields and to the fledgling Danish industry. The memories of war were still fresh in the people’s minds, for now Denmark desired nothing but peace and rest.
[Denmark demobilized]
The Treaty of Gotland was ratified by all parties, and the Norwegian Nobility has now convened to elect a new monarch for their nation. Any signatory monarch to the Treaty of Gotland may not accept the nomination for King, so the Norwegians eventually decided upon Christian, Heir of Denmark, and Ernst, Heir Apparent to Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. In addition, the Swedes paid out their indemnities to the Duchy of Holstein, which was administered by the Danish Crown.
[-30,000 gold from Sweden, 30,000 gold to Denmark]
Swedish industry expanded in 1844, especially a new machine parts factory in Norrkoping. Swedes were beginning to migrate to Stockholm en masse, as new jobs appeared in the industrial district for the impoverished.
[-72,000 Skr equivalent, +5 industry to Sweden in 1 turn(s)]
Crown Regent Oscar declared complete freedom of the Swedish press. The people were elated at the news, as were underground publications. Oscar championed himself as a liberal thinker, a man who would give many freedoms in the coming years to the Swedes. The press themselves gave very favourable reviews to Oscar’s performance.
[+1 Stability to Sweden, Free Press, celebrities beware!]
Sweden’s, as well as Norway’s, armed forces demobilized in 1844, after their unsuccessful war against the Danes and Germans.
[Sweden-Norway Demobilized]
The Spanish continue to work on their Constitution, but it advances slowly as some various blocks to it come up, mostly from the right-wing members of the Parliament. [-28,500 ₧, 3/6 progress toward Spanish constitution]
Attempts to build a steel factory in Seville fail as the building and land purchased to house this factory collapsed and soon became unsuitable to build a factory on.
[-1,000 ₧]
Minor improvements to the Spanish Rifles were made, allowing them to fire slightly faster and be loaded quicker, increasing the effectiveness of the Spanish Army.
[+1 Army Level to Spain. -5,000 ₧]
The Spanish Army has huge success against the Carlist Forces, subduing them in most locations, and pushing them back without many losses. However, they go ahead with a plan to torch fields anyway, and support for the Spanish Kingdom falls to an all-time low.
[-1 Stability from Spain.]
The Grand Exhibition is held in Piedmont-Tuscany, showing off the glory of not only Piedmont, but of all the nations involved. Thousands come to see it, and are marveled by such a display. The Piedmont display is a wonder never before seen, and is heralded as magnificent. [+30 Prestige to Piedmont-Tuscany. -4,000 PT₤ from Piedmont-Tuscany.]
The Pietmontian King touts the success of the display to the nation, and gives speeches based on them. Even across the Italian Peninsula thousands cheered this display, this could only mean great things ahead for Italy...
[Piedmont-Tuscany Stability set to 10 for 3 turns. Italian Unification fervour high.]
The Middle-East
The Egyptian Sultan puts out a spirited call to enlarge his army, and thousands flock to his call to support their nation’s newfound independence. His speech would drive the Egyptian people into a fervor, instilling in all who heard a burning passion to defend their nation and secure its independence.
[-3,500,000 Egy£, +1 Army Level in 2 turns, +30,000 Conscripts, +1 Stability]
With conscription campaigns finished in both the Ottoman Empire and Egypt, the respective belligerents are now fully mobilized and lack crucial manpower in their farms and factories. This leads to a partial economic downturn, with no possible avenues for further recruitment, factories standing idle, and fields going untended. \
[-500 Base Income to Ottomans and Egypt until demobilization, Ottomans and Egypt unable to recruit for 5 years]
The French Army moves to continue to take over Tunis, ensuring a blockade of the entire Prussian North African coast. The remainder of the Prussian Garrison surrenders to the French Army, as all of Prussian Tunis falls to the French.
[-20,000 Regulars from Prussia. -5,000 Regulars from France.]
The Egyptian Army, knowing that they were not as technologically advanced as their Ottoman attackers, decided to order the upgrade of their weaponry to better handle this disadvantage.
[-4,500,000 Egy£, +1 Army Level]
The Sultan travels the Nile Delta, and goes up the River to give speeches to his people, rallying them to his cause, to fight to the death for Egyptian Independence.
[+1 Stability to Egypt.]
In conjunction with these speeches, the Sultan asks people to join the Army. They flock to recruitment stations, willing to advance the cause of Egypt.
[+20,000 Regulars to Egypt.]
The Ottoman Army calls for all good Turks to rally to the flag and to destroy the upstart Egyptians. The land, the Ottoman Sultan argued, has been Ottoman and will forever be Ottoman so long as he, and the Turkish people, live on. Thousands and Thousands of Turks run to sign up for the Army.
[+100,000 Conscripts.]
In major cities around the Ottoman Empire, schools are paid to be built by the Government, which in the future will help the young Turkish people, and an entire generation, advance in the sciences and other educational areas.
[-6,840,000 Ott£ from the Ottoman Empire. +10% Literacy to the Ottoman Empire in 5 turns.]
The Ottoman Sultan commands the Generals of the Ottoman Army to improve upon their tactics so they could maintain their superiority over the Egyptians on the battlefield.
[+1 Army Level to the Ottoman Empire in 1 turn.]
The ongoing war between the Egyptians and the Ottomans heats up, as the pocket of Egyptians soldiers quickly becomes enveloped and the Ottomans pound away at them with artillery and gunfire. This lasted for a month before the Egyptians finally agree to surrender to the Ottomans, freeing up a large amount of troops for the Ottomans, and putting the Egyptians at a disadvantage.
[-20,000 Conscripts from Egypt. -5,000 Conscripts from the Ottoman Empire.]
However, as the Ottoman Army began to march towards Cairo, reinforcements from Egypt quickly showed up to oppose their movement. The Ottomans, oblivious to this, sent their reinforcements to Hedjaz, to where they took over that area, but the Ottoman troops near Cairo were quickly losing their battles.
[-3,000 Conscripts from Egypt. -8,000 Conscripts from the Ottoman Empire.]
The Americas
Following a close election, American President James Polk would seek to unify his country giving a speech about the unity of the nation. This was well received but the lack of any firm commitment on the issue of slavery was troubling.
[+1 Stability, -2 Stability in 3 turns if no compromise]
The year saw continued investment in the American military, with expansion made in both the army and the navy. The Navy would construct eight new small steamships to patrol its coasts. The Army would receive a new rifle, the 1844 Springfield, which among other features was loaded through the breech.
[-$56,500, +8 Small Ships in 2 turns, +1 Army Level in 2 turns]
In the West, the US government constructed several forts to aid travelers on their way West and allow the United States to better exert control over the Great Plains and the Rockies.
[-$5,000, +500 Colonial Income]
The United States of America and the United Mexican States signed the Treaty of Perpetual Peace and Amity, which guaranteed continued peaceful relations between the young republics. Additionally, the United States of America would provide an annuity of five thousand ounces of gold bullion for 10 years to the United Mexican States.
[-5,000 Gold to USA for 10 turns, +5,000 Gold to Mexico for 10 turns]
The Mexican Army received much needed improvement, when in 1844 the Federal Ordnance Commission was created. This commission would be responsible for the supply of armaments to improve the equipment of the Mexican army, unfortunately cost were far in excess of expectations, reducing the scope of the program.
[-100,000 Mex$, +10% Equipment]
The new government attempted to establish schools in the countryside unfortunately in a great tragedy, due to the haste of their construction, several of the new schools' roofs collapsed in the first strong rain of the year, killing the children inside.
[-50,000 Mex$, -2 Stability]
The new government also made an attempt at land reform, breaking up the great haciendas into smaller holdings. In return, the Mexican government agreed to assume the landlords' debts. This program was incredibly successful and greatly increased production.
[-200,000 Mex$, +1 Stability, +500 Base Income]
The government also quickly set to the drafting of a new more stable constitution, one that would hopefully stabilize their country reeling from the recent war.
[1/5 Completion of Constitution]
The settlement of the Western Canada was a major goal of the British government during 1844. The largest of the resulting settlements would be both sides of the San Juan de la Fuca Straight, on Vancouver Island was Victoria, and on the mainland, Vancouver.
[-70,000 £, West Coast of Canada Settled]
South America
In the Empire of Brazil the Emperor ordered the immediate expansion of the roads, docks, warehouses and port facilities in the Empire, this was very successful with roads converging on the port cities of Rio and Sao Paulo the Emperor also started the expansion of the docks and port facilities but these were not completed before the Oligarchs revolted and will be finished after the revolt is crushed or is successful. [-48,500 R$ from Brazil, +1 Infrastructure to Brazil, + 1 Infrastructure to Brazil after the civil war ends]
The Emperor also ordered the military to tell the mine owners that those who surrendered would keep 50% of their profits while those that resisted would lose the mines and be imprisoned. This seemed to work perfectly until one of the owners came out to surrender and was shot by a Captain who thought he was giving these traitors what they deserved. After this all the mine owners refused to surrender and banded together to proclaim the Republic of Brazil. They were then joined by a large number of factory owners concentrated around the cities of Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. After initial fighting the Oligarchs secured effective control of most all of the Rio and Sao Paulo with the exception of the Copacabana area of Rio which was held by the Brazilian Navy which had remained loyal to the government. [Rio and Sao Paulo area in revolt]
In the Republic of Argentina President Rosas ordered the creation of a ferry service which would operate along the Parana river delta. This, it was hoped, would allow people and goods to travel quickly down the river from towns such as Rosario to the capital at Buenos Aires. [-34,000 A$ from Argentina, +1 Infrastructure to Argentina]
He also ordered the creation of an unemployment benefit which allowed poor people to send their children to school rather than have them help at the farms. [-23,000 A$ from Argentina, +2,5% Education to Argentina]
Asia/Oceania
In the Empire of Dai Nam the Emperor announced that he would personally be leading the Vietnamese delegation to the Piedmontese Exposition. Once there he ordered that the leading Vietnamese experts would go and look at the other exhibits and get as much information as possible to take back to Dai Nam while the Emperor himself presented Dai Nam’s cultural achievements to the world. The Exposition lasted much longer than expected and the Emperor and his delegation did not start to prepare to head home until December 1845. [-3,000 ₫ from Dai Nam, +20 Prestige to Dai Nam, Dai Nam will gain a lot of knowledge of western technology if the Emperors delegation gets back safely]
The Crown Prince who was reigning until his father returned ordered the expansion of the harbors at Saigon and Hanoi to increase trade with the outside world. This was quite successful with trade increasing albeit at a price. [-12,000 ₫ from Dai Nam, +1 Infrastructure to Dai Nam]
The Crown Prince also ordered that envoy’s be sent to the courts of Cambodia and Laos but they were never heard from again and were presumably killed by the horrors of the jungle. [-1,500 ₫ from Dai Nam]
In the Qing Empire, around 80% of the government is publicly executed for supposedly begin corrupt this lack of available bureaucrats results in a massive drop in support for the government as well as a decrease in income. [-7,500 海關 from Qing, -2 Stability from the Qing, -1,000 base income to Qing]
The Empire also signed the treaties with Russia and Britain and was lucky that there was no revolt against his rule after what had happened earlier that year.
As usual the cherry and plum festivals and, as usual, no one came. [-2,500 ¥ from Japan]
The Shogun also ordered that equipment be purchased to improve the quality of his army, this was quite successful with brand new western weapons arriving to outfit the Shoguns army. [-4,500 ¥ from Japan, +5% equipment to Japan]
The Shogun also ordered that the newest western technology be brought into Japan, while this was slightly successful, enough to keep the schools abreast with Europe voices of discontent began to spring up, protesting against the Shoguns actions. [-2,500 ¥ from Japan, reactionaries angry, may revolt soon, +500 base income to Japan]
The Danish expedition to New Guinea is lost in rainforest, presumed munched upon by hungry hungry cannibals.
GM NOTES: Level 9 will be the softcap for army and navy until 1850, Lvl 11 hardcap. Each increases by 2 each decade.