No idea how it happened in the US, but the educated elite were almost always the first to embrace socialism. Trying to explain that stuff to an illiterate 19th century laborer would be much harder than you think.
I'm sure, yes. And IRL it did take quite some time. The first socialists were indeed wealthy & educated enough. Still, they were only a small percentage of the upper class. A landed aristocrat from some noble house is quite unlikely to embrace socialism, methinks, since socialism would rob him of all his benefits. Same for capitalists.