The rise of the Soviet Union and the Bombing of Britain
Within a fortnight of the historic test of the French Empire’s first atomic bomb, the first of the new Vengeance-3 rockets began to roll off the production line. The culmination of years of work by rocket scientists at Project Jericho, the V-3 rocket was the first truly strategic rocket in its ability to, with relative accuracy, hit targets hundreds of miles away from their launch sites without any risk of interception by enemy aircraft. They were, in short, the perfect delivery system for the atomic bomb.
That, at least, was the thinking within the French military and at the highest levels of government. However, such dreams were soon scuppered with the realisation that an atomic bomb was far too heavy to load onto a V-3 rocket without extensive miniaturisation - miniaturisation that the atomic scientists reported would take years to accomplish.
Despite this significant setback the Emperor still overrode De Gaulle’s objections and ordered the construction of several V3 rockets in addition to the new military formations already being assembled . Correspondence at the time indicates that Napoleon IV thought the rockets could still be of use as a ‘terror weapon’, potentially for the delivery of weapons such as poison gas or weaponised viruses - indeed, some consider this decision to be the origin of the infamous and highly successful French biological and chemical weapons program that was not to be fully dismantled until the signing of the Geneva Protocol in 1984.
This was to form part of a pattern of significant military expansion by the French Empire throughout the remainder of 1945 and much of 1946 which would see the near doubling of the number of divisions in the
Armée de la Terre, including the creation of a new armoured corps under the war hero General Delestraint.
This build up in ground forces by the French Empire was matched by the increase in the Empire’s naval forces - no less than six state-of-the-art heavy cruisers and nine light cruisers would be laid down in the space of a year.
In part, the motive for this military expansion was the rise of the Soviet Union and the fears that it could soon enter the war to assist the Union of Britain.
In June of 1945 the Soviet Republic completed its annexation of the short-lived nationalist Scandinavian State and solidified its strategic position around the Baltic and North Seas.
This rapid expansion in Soviet territory was in turn to trigger a radical change in the nature of the workers’ state itself. Though the Bolsheviks and the Soviets had been a uniquely Russian phenomenon the relatively small area of Russia under their control when combined with their annexation of non-Russian populations had turned the Soviet state as a whole into an ethnically diverse state where Russians were outnumbered by non-Russians.
This had the effect of forcing the Soviet leadership to adopt an approach of treating non-Russians as equals - embracing a policy of “all proletarians are equal” and allowing conquered populations to operate under their own completely equal Soviet Socialist Republics and even admitting proportional numbers of non-Russian communists to the Supreme Soviet. In short, rather than treating non-Russians as conquered people, the newly rechristened Soviet Union was forced to treat them generously in an attempt to forge a new Soviet, rather than ethnically Russian, citizenry.
This policy would have significant success in Finland, Estonia and Ruthenia where, following tolerance for the native languages and all cultural practices not deemed anti-Soviet succeeded in winning, if not the support, the consent of those populations by the end of 1945 resulting in a rapid drop in partisan activity that allowed the Soviets to make full use of the manpower, industries and other resources of these new Soviet Socialist Republics by the Soviet Union.
This rapid expansion in power now made the Soviet Union a genuine strategic threat in the eyes of Germany with the result that the already weakened SDP government was forced to act.
Unwilling to start a war against the Soviets, Germany instead initiated a massive expansion of their strategic bomber force designed to bomb Britain into submission and eliminate them as a threat completely, removing the risk to Germany of a two front war.
German bombers returning from a bombing raid on London's East End
Armed with hundreds of new heavy bombers the
Luftwaffe was finally able to gain the upper hand over the Republican Air Force; over the summer of 1945 they overwhelmed the RAF and destroyed its ability to defend Britain through the targeting of airfields across Britain, preventing the RAF from launching aircraft or regrouping after sorties.
With the RAF no longer able to oppose them, the Luftwaffe then commenced the systematic destruction of British industry and infrastructure, a strategy which was successful beyond the Luftwaffe’s wildest dreams.
By January 1946 Britain’s industry was on its knees and tens of thousands of its citizens were dead of after a bitter winter marked by no coal for the nation’s power stations and homes, and starvation due to the lack of fuel oil for the agricultural machinery of Britain’s farming cooperatives.
Despite this, the British people maintained determined to continue to fight on - more out of a near religious zeal to prevent any hated German from taking one step on England’s green and pleasant land than of any particular love for the syndicalist government that was losing the war.
In response to this the German SDP government, unwilling to waste German lives on attempting an inevitably costly invasion of the British Isles, merely redoubled the bombing campaign, resolved to continue until the British population was so demoralised and starved that they surrendered, and succeeding in the effective destruction of the remnants of British industry by the summer of 1946.
Amongst the leaders of the League of Nations this astonishing German success was regarded with significant alarm. For, while the Bombing of Britain had finally ended RAF raids on South French cities, the fear was that a British surrender was now inevitable and that the Union’s capitulation to Germany and its absorption into the German sphere of influence would make Germany so powerful that the League of Nations would lose all hope of ever obtaining military supremacy.
In South France Napoleon IV and De Gaulle acted on this fear by ordering the construction of a vast invasion fleet and the crash development of a bomber aircraft capable of dropping an atomic bomb on Britain. One way or another, the Union would not be allowed to fall into German hands.