Chapter Three, Part Four: Sino-Japanese War
Dec 1939 - Feb 1940
Previously in the Influence Wars...
The Japanese were advancing towards Baofeng in northern China and towards Changsha in southern China. The Japanese-Soviet Border War was started and the Soviets suffered considerable naval losses, but they took some territory in Manchukuo and the Japanese infantry had problems dealing with the Soviet armoured divisions.
And now, the conclusion...
Politics
The last days of 1939 and the first two months of 1940 saw important developments in both regional and global politics.
It did not take very long for the Soviets to decide that sitting at the negotiating table would be a good idea. Both sides realised that a prolonged conflict would not be in their favour. However, the Soviets demanded that Japan conceded defeat, claiming that the Soviet Union had vast advantage in the number of troops in the Far East and that the Japanese did not possess the means to counter the Soviet armour. This was a very bold claim, but since Japan did not want to be trapped in a two-front war so soon, the Japanese delegation was authorised to sign truce with the Soviet Union. Additionally, a non-aggression pact between the two Nations was signed in order to strengthen the importance of the truce and ensure the stability in Manchuria.
Unfortunately, the news was not so good in China. Apparently, the Yunnan Clique decided to support the nationalists, which will probably strengthen them greatly. The Japanese government was troubled by this move, as it hoped that war in China would be ended soon. In response, a new law encouraging the development of heavy industry was passed, which will ensure that the Japanese industry will be able to support the war effort effectively.
However, the damage was already done and the Prime Minister Hiranuma Kiichiro was forced to resign. It remains to be seen whether the new government will remain in power for long. It certainly is not very popular, as its policies neither appeal to the fascists (the most influential political group) nor to the democrats.
Things have changed considerably in Europe. After more than 20 years of peace, suddenly most of the continent was engulfed in flames. Things progressed quickly after the German Reich dissolved Czechoslovakia without firing a single bullet on
5th of January 1940. The Kingdom of Italy declared war on Albania on the same day and
a little more than two weeks later Germany attacked Poland and Denmark, which resulted in a declaration of war from United Kingdom and France.
It also became clear why the Soviets signed the non-aggression pact with the Empire of Japan so willingly - they planned to expand in Europe. They declared war on Finland on
21th of January 1940 and shortly thereafter, they moved on the Baltic states, too.
The governments of Latvia and Estonia decided to bow down to the Soviet pressure and were annexed quickly, while Lithuania decided to defend their independence and thus
the war between the Soviet Union and Lithuania has been started.
However, after a month the differences between the quality of the Wehrmacht and the Red Army became apparent. The Germans managed to conquer Poland and secure the Baltic Sea by taking Denmark very quickly, while the Soviets were still struggling in both Finland and Lithuania. Once again, fascism triumphs and communism continues to rot.
Northern and Central China
During several last months the Japanese armies were most successful in northern and central China, but now this is where the Chinese resistance is the strongest.
In December things were progressing relatively smoothly, as the Japanese troops continued to advance towards Baofeng and Wuhan. After Yunnan joined the nationalists, the plan was to capture the most important cities in northern China and encircle the Chinese in the centre by striking at Wuhan both from the north and the south. The Chinese resistance appeared strong - they even managed to make a local counterattack near Nanjing - but it was not presumed to be something which our brave soldiers could not deal with.
The situation deteriorated rapidly in January 1940. Chinese partisans managed to cut off two Japanese divisions from the Shanghai HQ and we were forced to commit considerable resources to eliminate this threat. There was a risk that if the Chinese brought more troops to the region and managed to hold the encirclement, these two divisions would be lost. While we were trying to save our soldiers, the Chinese started a direct attack on Nanjing and the odds were clearly not in our favour.
The Emperor was deeply worried about the situation and gave a direct order to commit all available reserves, which consisted of three infantry divisions, to aid the Shanghai Army Group. Also, the High Command decided to transfer heavy artillery from the Japanese garrisons to the troops fighting in China, which increased the fighting capability of our soldiers.
In the end we managed to save both Nanjing and our trapped divisions, but we were also pushed back a bit in several places and there was a risk of stalemate.
However, our troops are now struggling in the Baofeng Region and one of our divisions was encircled north of Wuhan. The Chinese counter-attack is stronger than we anticipated and the fact that our divisions get encircled so often is a sign that the Chinese numerical superiority is becoming dangerous. Some say that it is time to go on the defensive in central China and rethink our plans and the Emperor asked the High Command for advice concerning the issue.
Our armies have been more successful near Shangxi and the communist stronghold. They got orders to engage the enemy with the full might after the Yunnan Clique joined the nationalists. It quickly became clear that the enemy is no match to our troops in this region and we are now besieging Taiyuan and approaching the communist-controlled territory from the north.
Communist cities, towns and mines have been being bombed from the beginning of the war in China and it is believed that they have little economic capability left.
Southern China
In the South there have been several setbacks, but generally progress is rather steady.
Shortly after the Yunnan Clique supported the nationalists, the pro-Japanese Chinese managed to secure the city of Chongqing. Since it is a major city in the region, this quick move can be considered a decisive victory. Also, our troops from the 1st Canton Army Group started the siege of Changsha and eventually the city was taken.
The 2nd Canton Army Group was not as successful. Three Japanese naval infantry divisions received orders to perform an amphibious assault on the last two ports that remained in nationalists' hands, which would cut the Chinese off from foreign aid and secure the Taiwan Strait. Thanks to their training and experience and the support of the heavy guns of the Japanese capital ships, the landing itself was very successful, but the marines lacked the numbers to advance along the Chinese coastline and a single escapade which consisted of an attack of opportunity deeper inland almost resulted in a disaster.
Moreover, the Chinese anticipated our plans and attacked Xiamen. The single Homegun and two marine divisions at the disposal of the 2nd Canton AG are trying hard to push the Chinese back and create a land connection between the established beachhead and the rest of the southern territory under our control, but so far they have been unsuccessful.
Overview of the situation in China as of 28th of February 1940
Other matters
Our supply stockpiles are now perfectly stable, which allowed us to reduce the amount of resources devoted to supply production considerably. Our fiscal situation also looks stable. Aircraft and infantry equipment are being produced at a slow but steady rate and an infrastructure development program has been started in central China.
The resource situation looks good at the moment, although the import of American oil is at its all-time low. It will most likely not be of great concern in 1940, but it is recommended to look for additional sources of oil in 1941/1942.
Research-wise, our engineers and planners are concentrating their efforts on the development of better aircraft, new battleship and destroyer designs, better ASW equipment, more modern infantry equipment and improved industrial techniques.