THE REIGN OF DUKE HENRI I
Within a week the new duke arrives at Dijon. He is well known there of course but this is the first time he has arrived as Duke of Burgundy, and he is greeted with extra reverence. People are more reluctant to meet his gaze and when they bow in obeisance it is ever so slightly deeper than hitherto.
His first task is to agree the arrangements made for his father’s funeral. His father’s embalmed body lies in the wooden chapel hard against the wooden palisade wall that surrounds the castle bailey. It is high summer and despite the embalmer’s craft, a faint sickly smell permeates the warm air as Henri enters the chapel to pay his respects. His favourite hound, Gaius, is at his side and he sniffs the whiff of putrefaction with interest before dropping to his master’s side as he kneels in silent prayer before the inert shape that was once his father. A candle burns at each corner of the bier on which the corpse lies in front of the small wooden altar adorned only with a simple wooden cross. Henri finishes his prayers and crosses himself before rising and turning his back on his father for the last time. Gaius stirs himself and follows his master out of the chapel and back into the warm summer sunshine.
Two days later Duke Robert is laid to rest in the church of St Benigne in Dijon. Duke Henri and all his court are there as the body is lowered into the small crypt there to rest for all eternity. After the obsequies are finished the duke heads back to the castle and summons his court to gather in the great hall.
When all are gathered the duke bangs on the table with the hilt of his dagger. A hush descends on the gathered congregation.
“Thus ends my father’s reign. I shall now rule in his stead but as my own man. Things will be different around here from now on but to help me rule wisely I need a council. I have determined on the following. Father Bertrand, you will be my new chancellor for the time being. To replace you as bishop, I hereby appoint Gerard de Beauffremont. Ermesinde, you will be my new steward, and Emma de Conteville you will be spymaster. Robert, my faithful and loyal brother, you shall remain as marshal of Burgundy. Eudes, my son, you shall rule as Count of Auxerre now that I am duke.”
But what of the dowager duchess Ermengarde? She is in the room and all eyes turn upon her. It is no secret that duke Henri and his stepmother do not see eye to eye but no-one has expected that the duke would effectively dismiss her from his service. Now the former chancellor raises her head defiantly and gathering her skirts about her she sweeps haughtily from the room. She is seen less and less about the court in the next weeks and months and eventually word reaches the duke that she has left his court permanently and headed off to Aquitaine.
There is one other who might also be feeling aggrieved with the duke’s announcement . Aged 17, Hugues is the new duke’s eldest son and as things stand is now heir presumptive to the duchy. He might justifiably have expected to succeed his father as count of Auxerre. For the time being though he says nothing, although noticeably he does not congratulate his brother as his other siblings do.
The duke has 7 children altogether all with his wife duchess Sybilla. Hugues is the eldest at 17; then Eudes, new count of Auxerre at 16. Third son Robert is a year younger. Then comes the girls, 13 year old Helie with second daughter Beatrix two years younger. Fourth son Renaud the hunchback is aged 10 and finally there is young Henri the mad aged 9.
The Early Dukes of Burgundy
ROBERT I
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HENRI I ROBERT SIMON 2 daughters
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HUGUES EUDES ROBERT Helie Beatrix RENAUD HENRI
Later that evening Hugues seeks out his father in the quiet of his private room.
“Father. You must know why I am here. I am your eldest son and heir – I should be Count of Auxerre, not Eudes. He’s always been your favourite though hasn’t he?”
“He is not my favourite, but he has certain qualities and skills that you lack and I have to consider what is right for the duchy now. He will learn how to rule as Count of Auxerre.”
“So does that mean you intend to make him your heir too?” asks Hugues.
“Truth to tell I have not made my mind up yet Hugues. But I have to choose who I think should rule the duchy after my death. You should spend your time at your studies to show me you are worthy of my trust and that you can rule the duchy after I am gone.”
“It shall be as you wish, but just remember that all over Europe the first born son succeeds his father.” And with that vague hint of menace left hanging in the air, Hugues departs.
Henri’s brother, simple Simon, has never married. His father the late duke Robert tried on many occasion to find a suitable match without success. But the new duke’s council has more success. Irmeltrud von Hunolstein is a German widow of some 25 summers who already has 5 children by her first husband. More importantly she has fine diplomatic skills and as well as providing an amenable partner for his brother, she will serve as the duke’s chancellor.
Hugues is not the only disenchanted son of Henri. After the dust has settled on the new appointments, Robert, totally indiscretely, makes it know to anyone who will listen that he should be his father’s spymaster. Word reaches the duke who laughs at the preposterousness of the idea.
In February 1075 war breaks out between England and France. King Phillippe asks duke Henri repeatedly to mobilise the Burgundian forces for his cause. The duke refuses consistently and his loyalty to the king wavers accordingly. Indeed such is the breakdown in relations between king and duke that one day in April that same year, a small troop of horsemen wearing the leopard livery of the kingdom of England appear unexpectedly at Dijon. They bear a request from King William the Bastard for an alliance with “his most noble and valiant cousin of Burgundy” against the duke’s liege lord King Phillippe of France. The duke does not dismiss the idea out of hand, but after keeping the Norman delegation waiting for over a week, during which time they amuse themselves in the local brothels and taverns, much to the delight of the Dijon burgesses, the duke summons their leader and tells him to thank their master for his gracious offer of alliance, but he will not be taking it up.
Henri has his reasons for these actions; he has plans of his own for the forces of Burgundy. His father had allowed Guillaume de Nevers to remain as Count of Nevers, but Henri wants the county for his own family and so he declares war on his vassal, hoping to catch him by surprise. In fact it is he who is caught by surprise on two counts. Firstly the Duchy of Flanders comes to the aid of its ally Nevers and declares war on Burgundy. And secondly King Phillippe, ignoring the wilfulness of his vassal duke Henri, turns up in person to assist the Burgundians. The real reason for this soon becomes clear for when Nevers falls it is into royal hands, and the king wastes no time in installing his brother Hugues as Count of Nevers. Henri’s efforts are not entirely in vain though for peace with Flanders follows swiftly, and Henri manages to extract 388 gold crowns from the Flemish treasury as part of the peace treaty that ends this brief and not exactly glorious war.
During the war, duke Henri is aided by his ally Baudouin the count of Hainault. Duke and count become friends, and this is cemented by the marriage of the duke’s son Robert to the count’s daughter Agnes. In honour of the nuptials the duke begins a library in Dijon and the count sends his son Hugues de Flandre to the court at Dijon as a fosterling.
Thus ends the first two years of Henri’s reign as duke.