Drama in the south (1st - 8th of August, 1941)
Early August was disastrous for the Wehrmacht. The mighty Panzerwaffe had overextended itself, the Blitzkrieg tactics had failed. Supply lines were growing longer, fuel was more difficult to obtain. Ceaseless attacks of the never tiring enemy with his armada of tanks wore the infantry out, leaving the spearheads on it's own, unable to manoeuvre further. Even the most skilled panzer generals like Guderian and Rommel were not able to turn the tide, to get that final breakthrough. Maybe it was too optimistic to even hope that such a breakthrough could be obtained – the Germans faced an ever increasing number of divisions, of tanks, of planes, strengthening the front on a daily basis. Where in June a single division had been covering the front-line now stood two or in some places even three. The huge Russian Empire had revealed a glimpse of it's possibilities as far as manpower and industrial strength was concerned, and this was just the beginning.
The German divisions on the other hand had suffered heavy losses in July and replacements were only coming in sparsely. The “hold” order in the central front part seemed particulary difficult to keep. Just a short example to underline this situation.
Leutnant Jäger belonged to the 1. Kompanie, 1. Bataillion, Infantrieregiment 54 of the 100. leichte Infantrie-Division. He was found shot in the head, last grenade still clutched, in the midst of his men. Unteroffizier Hahne, headshot, dead next to the MG, two more men to his sides, left an right, also with head-shots. A single man had managed to escape the foxhole and run nearly 50 paces before also having been shot in the head. Close to 20 dead Russians in front of the Germans showed the desperate last stand that had occurred.
This was the defence the German units had to go through along the entire Ostfront.
A fallen German soldier at the central front, close to Lublin
The last attack attempt towards northern Romania of Guderian and Rommel to capture Chisinev made some progress, at first but the panzers had barely moved when the Ukrainian Front began it's counter-attacks towards Balta. Field Marshal Kulik used his 4th Tank Army to drive a wedge into the front line and his quick advance left the commanders of the 1. and 2. Panzergruppe no choice. All attacks were immediately cancelled and a retreat order was issued. Should the Red Army advance to far in the rear, the two tank armies would risk to be cut off. The 11. Panzerkorps led by General Stumme fought off four violent attacks and was responsible for the successful withdrawal in the end. The losses, however, were horrible. At the 5th of August the whole Korps had merely 80 tanks left and lost nearly a third of it's men. But they did it. All five PzKorps were able to retreat through the open hole.
A retreating vehicle Sd.Kfz.250 from the 1. Panzergruppe, south of Mogilev Podolski
While the panzers still fought a retreating battle, the 10. Armee of General Otto von Stülpnagel faced a precisely timed attack from the Central Russian Front. General Kuznetsov and General Voroshilov had timed an assault towards the supposed weak point in the German front, where the Hungarian 1. Corps was holding. A tenfold enemy force attacked the barely dug in Hungarians who fought for their lives. It was one of the bloodiest battles so far, mercilessly fought. As the losses mounted up and some companies merely consisted of 20-40 men the Hungarian units finally had to retreat, after four days.
When the shaken troops moved aross the dusty roads they were relieved by the retreating PzKorps of the 2. Panzergruppe. The tanks had made it just in time to block the intruding Soviet forces and, to cut off the breakthrough and stabilize the front. The night of the 6th was the decisive night in Stanislawow. At 0300 hours General Voroshilov finally called off the attack.
Generalleutnant Eicke, new commander of the XXIII. Armeekorps
Preparations for the next German offensive was well under way by then. A mighty ”Thunderstrike” would crush the Central Front of the Red Army – at least, according to the Führer's plan. In preparation for the operation the 10. Armee and 17. Armee were joined under the command of General Heissmeier. This army would play a major part in the upcoming battles. The remaining divisions were grouped into the XXIII. Armeekorps and put under the command of Lt. General Eicke.
The first day for the Thunder was set to the 15th of August. It was the last chance for a decision in the east.